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Unit 4

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Created by: AltAccount

Term	Definition
Which of the following processes is the best term for explaining how we learn languages? Modeling Insight Creativity Discrimination	Modeling
You feel a tremendous amount of pressure to gain a scholarship to help your parent pay for college tuition, therefore, you work hard to get decent grades. This is an example of... Extrinsic motivation. Insight learning. Avoidance learning.	Extrinsic motivation.
Which ability is likely to predict good adjustment, better grades, and social success? Problem-focused coping Emotion-focused coping	self control
Elephants appear to have excellent _____ because they can remember large sections of their territory. insight extrinsic motivation cognitive maps latent learning	cognitive maps
The perception that we control our own fate is also called what? External locus of control Internal locus of control Learned helplessness Emotion-focused coping	Internal locus of control
New to your college campus, you are very overwhelmed with its size and your location. One night while walking back to your dorm, you see a man attack a woman. You quickly recalled that the closest emergency phone pole was located next to the library. To	you had already created a cognitive map of the campus.
A woman had been pondering a problem for days and was about to give up when, suddenly, the solution came to her. Her experience can be best described as what? Insight Operant conditioning Classical conditioning Cognitive mapping	Insight
Which of the following is the most likely consequence of the brain's tendency to vicariously experience something we observe? The elimination of classically conditioned responses to stimuli Actual physical injury The risk of misremembering our	The risk of misremembering our own actions
Bandura's famous Bobo doll experiment is most closely associated with which of the following? Observational learning Latent learning Classical conditioning Operant conditioning	Observational learning
Many psychologists believe that children of parents who beat them are likely to beat their own children. One common explanation for this phenomenon is... Latent learning. Shaping. Classical conditioning. Abstract learning. Modeling.	Modeling
When parents offer good-grade rewards to children who already enjoy studying, Which of the following have the parents accidentally removed from their children? Insight learning Intrinsic motivation Extrinsic motivation Latent learning	Intrinsic motivation
This entire year you have struggled to earn better than a 7.5 out of 15 on your FRQ. You have become passive and somewhat depressed about hlp, you have simply given up; nothing is going to make a difference in your score. You are exhibiting...	Learned helplessness.
The idea that the explanation for prejudice lies in children’s modeling of their parents’ prejudicial beliefs, emotions and behaviors is most closely aligned with the theories of which of the following? B.F. Skinner Albert Bandura Ivan Pavlov	Albert Bandura
When is prosocial modeling most effective? When the model acts in a way consistent with the prosocial lesson When the model is predisposed to the prosocial conduct When the model verbally emphasizes the prosocial lesson but acts as she chooses	When the model acts in a way consistent with the prosocial lesson
In the first part of an experiment, one group of rats received reinforcement after correctly navigating a The learning that occurred in the second group in the absence of the reinforcement is called... extinction. observational learning latent learning	latent learning.
Mirror neurons may... produce the neural associations that are the basis of both classical and operant conditioning allow an organism to replac be the mechanism by which the brain accomplishes observational learning	be the mechanism by which the brain accomplishes observational learning.
After you left your math final, you were upset that you didn On your drive home, the steps finally hit you and you become infuriated! This best illustrates: Insight learning Observational learning Primary reinforcement Positive reinforcement
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement? Depriving a prison inmate of sleep. Assigning a student a detention for fighting. Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum	Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
A little girl grabs her dog’s tail; in response, the dog bit the girl. The little girl no longer pulls on her dog’s tail. From the little girls perspective this is an example of... Negative reinforc Continuous reinforcement Positive punishment.	Positive punishment.
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement? Going inside to escape a thunderstorm. Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.	Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
Which of the following is an unconditioned response? Playing jump rope Getting money as a reward Sweating in hot weather	Sweating in hot weather
It's wintertime for Ivy! Although she lives in South Carolina, an unusually cold winter has caused snowfall in January. What is the neutral stimulus? warm room cold snow shivering going outside	snow
It's wintertime for Ivy! Although she lives in South Carolina, an unusually cold winter has cause What are the unconditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response? cold air; shivering snow; shivering going outside; cold air	cold air; shivering
Kevin goes to the humane society and adopts a brand new kitten named Gretta. What are the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response? no pair whistling; eating whistling; salivating	whistling; salivating
t's wintertime for Ivy! Although she lives in South Carolina, an unusually cold winter What are the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response? snow; being inside winter; warm room morning; shivering snow; shivering	snow; shivering
In the first part of an experiment, one group of rats received reinforcement roups received reinforcement after xtinction. latent learning. classical conditionin	latent learning.
During extinction, the _____ is omitted; as a result, the ____ seems to disappear. CS; UR CS; CR UR; CR US; UR US; CR	US; CR
Two years from now, you are sitting in an exam, when you think of Pavlov and your mouth begins to salivate. This would best illustrate: Operant conditioning Negative reinforcement Discrimination Generalization Spontaneous recovery	Spontaneous recovery
The manager of a manufacturing plant wishes to use positive reinforcement to increase the productivity of workers. Which of the following procedures would probably be the most effective?	Employees who fail to meet standards of productivity receive pay cuts. Employees are given immediate bonuses for specific behaviors related to productivity.
An event that discourages behavior is a... Negative reinforcer Conditioned stimulus Delayed reinforcer Secondary reinforcer Punishment	Punishment
In teaching your cat to jump through a hoop, which reinforcement schedule would facilitate the most rapid learning? Fixed ratio Fixed interval Continuous	Continuous
In classical conditioning, learning is evident when a... Stimulant automatically produces a response without a prior history of the experience. Stimulus which did not initially produce a response now elicits that response.	Stimulus which did not initially produce a response now elicits that response.
Taste aversion research has demonstrated that... Taste aversion is a universal survival mechanism. Taste is the most fundamental of the senses. Animals must evaluate a situation cognitively before taste aversion develops.	Taste aversion is a universal survival mechanism.
Edward Thorndike’s law of effect... States that rewarded behavior is more likely to happen again. Demonstrates how shaping can be used to establish operant conditioning.	States that rewarded behavior is more likely to happen again.
Money is to food as ___________ is to _________. Discrimination; generalization Partial reinforcement; continuous reinforcement Delayed reinforcer; immediate reinforcer Generalized reinforcer; primary reinforcer	Generalized reinforcer; primary reinforcer
Raul wants to teach his daughter Sonia to tie her shoes. First he praises her when she manipulates her shoelaces in any way. Th Negative reinforcement Shaping Classical conditioning	Shaping
You always rattle the box of dog biscuits before giving your dog a treat. The dog usual Rattling the box is a _____; your dog’s salivation is a ______. CS; CR US; CR US; UR	CS; CR
Which of the following schedules of reinforcement is the most resistant to extinction? Variable-fixed Variable-Ratio Fixed-Interval Fixed-Ratio	Variable-Ratio
The first grade teacher gives students stickers when they perform well. If thhe stickers in this example serve as ________ within a _________. Punishment; variable fixed schedule. Reinforcement; token economy.	Reinforcement; token economy.
Punishment is most effective in suppressing behavior when it is... Insulting, immediate and intense. Delayed, degrading and mild. Immediate, consistent and mild.	Immediate, consistent and mild.
Operant conditioning was studied by... Pavlov. Skinner. Maslow	Skinner.
Spontaneous recovery follows... Negative reinforcement Extinction Stimulus control Reconditioning	Extinction
Nancy decided to take introductory psychology because she always been interested in human behavior. Jack enrolle Incentives; drives Intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation Habitation; learned helplessness	Intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation
It's wintertime for Ivy! Although she lives in South Carolina, an unusually cold winter has caused snowfall in January. Ivy goes ou What are the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response? snow; shivering snow; being inside	snow; shivering
According to B.F. Skinner, human behavior is controlled primarily by... External influences. Unconscious motives.	External influences.
Last year, Dr. Moritano cleaned Monica’s skin with rubbing alcohol priorwine fact that Monica currently becomes fearful every time she smells rubbing alcohol? Negative reinforcement Classical conditioning Operant conditioning	Classical conditioning
A fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n)... Unpredictable number of responses has been made. Unpredictable time period has elapsed. Set number of responses have been made.	Set number of responses have been made.
Which of the following is NOT likely to happen when a child is physically punished? Displays of aggressive behavior. All children will permanently change their behavior.	All children will permanently change their behavior.
At first while living in the city, you would feel tense every time you heard an ambulance dri Chaining. Extinction. Habituation. Sensory memory. Sensory adaptation.	Habituation.
During the course of the day, you check your Facebook page to see if anyone replied to your post. This best describes which schedule of reinforcement... Variable ratio. Variable interval. Fixed ratio.	Variable interval.
Kevin goes to the humane society and adopts a brand new kitten named Gretta. He takes his wond What is the neutral stimulus? whistling salivating Gretta none fresh fish	whistling
Seals in an aquarium will repeat behaviors, such as slapping and barking, that prompt people to toss them a fish best illustrates Observational learning Operant conditioning	Operant conditioning
After Pavlov conditioned his dog to salivate at the sound of the bell, the bell is labeled the... Neutral stimulus Conditioned stimulus	Conditioned stimulus
What is the neutral stimulus?	snow; whispling