| Question | Answer |
| Gas exchange, the lungs’ main and vital function, takes place in the:
bronchioles.
secondary bronchi.
primary bronchi.
alveoli. | alveoli. |
| The upper respiratory tract includes all of the following structures except the:
larynx.
trachea.
oropharynx.
nasopharynx. | trachea. |
| In the right lung, the superior and middle lobes are separated by the:
horizontal fissure.
oblique fissure.
bronchopulmonary segments.
hilum. | horizontal fissure. |
| Which of the following is not lined with a ciliated mucous membrane?
Vestibule
Posterior nares
Trachea
Primary bronchi | Vestibule |
| The external openings to the nasal cavities can be referred to as:
nostrils.
anterior nares.
external nares.
all of the above. | all of the above. |
| The structures that deflect air as it passes through the nose are called:
choanae.
paranasal sinuses.
conchae.
vibrissae. | conchae. |
| Paranasal sinuses are normally filled with:
bone marrow.
a serous fluid.
mucus.
air. | air. |
| The eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the:
trachea.
nose.
nasopharynx.
oropharynx. | nasopharynx. |
| Which of the following does not distribute air?
Trachea
Bronchus
Alveolus
Nose | Alveolus |
| The structure in the neck known as the “Adam’s apple” is the:
epiglottis.
cricoid cartilage.
glottis.
thyroid cartilage. | thyroid cartilage. |
| The more common name for the pharynx is the:
throat.
windpipe.
voice box.
nasal cavity. | throat. |
| The smallest branches of the bronchial tree are:
primary bronchi.
secondary bronchi.
tertiary bronchi.
bronchioles. | bronchioles. |
| The small, leaf-shaped cartilage behind the tongue and hyoid bone is the:
cricoid cartilage.
thyroid cartilage.
corniculate cartilage.
epiglottis. | epiglottis. |
| The hollow nasal cavity is separated by a midline partition called the:
septum.
conchae.
cribriform plate.
turbinates. | septum. |
| The largest of the paranasal sinuses is the:
maxillary.
frontal.
ethmoid.
sphenoid. | maxillary. |
| The anatomical division of the pharynx that is located behind the mouth from the soft palate above to the level of the hyoid bone below is called the:
nasopharynx.
oropharynx.
laryngopharynx.
sphenopharynx. | oropharynx. |
| Which of the following is true of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx?
Their origin is the hyoid bone.
They move the larynx as a whole.
They serve in voice production.
Both A and B are correct. | They serve in voice production. |
| The respiratory portion of the nasal passage is lined with a mucous membrane made up of _____ epithelium.
stratified columnar
pseudostratified columnar
simple squamous
simple columnar | pseudostratified columnar |
| The fauces, one of the seven openings found in the pharynx, opens into the:
oropharynx.
nasopharynx.
esophagus.
Both A and B are correct. | oropharynx. |
| The approximate length of the trachea, or windpipe, is _____ cm.
5
11
17
24 | 11 |
| The lower border of the cavity of the larynx is formed by the:
epiglottis.
cricoid cartilage.
glottis.
thyroid cartilage. | cricoid cartilage. |
| Which of the following is not a function of the pharynx?
Aids in forming vowel sounds
Provides pathway for food
Determines the quality of the voice
Provides pathway for air | Determines the quality of the voice |
| Olfactory epithelium is found:
lining the nasopharynx.
covering the superior turbinate.
lining the paranasal sinuses.
in all of the above. | covering the superior turbinate. |
| Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?
Assists with homeostasis of body pH
Distributes oxygen to cells
Filters air
Warms air | Distributes oxygen to cells |
| The approximate partial pressure of oxygen at standard atmospheric pressure is about _____ mm Hg.
23
160
300
590 | 160 |
| Which of the following constitutes total lung volume?
Residual volume and vital capacity
Tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume
Residual volume and tidal volume
Vital capacity and tidal volume | Residual volume and vital capacity |
| When the pressure in the lung is greater than atmospheric pressure:
inspiration occurs.
expiration occurs.
lung tissue has collapsed.
the bronchioles are obstructed. | expiration occurs. |
| About 98.5% of the oxygen carried by systemic arterial blood is attached to:
bicarbonate ions.
hemoglobin.
carbaminohemoglobin.
chloride ions. | hemoglobin. |
| The PCO2 in alveolar air is _____ blood.
less than in the systemic venous
greater than in the systemic venous
equal to the systemic arterial
Both A and C are correct. | Both A and C are correct. |
| The term used to describe the volume of air exchanged during normal inspiration and expiration is:
inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume.
vital capacity.
tidal volume.
residual volume. | tidal volume. |
| Excessive fluid in the pleural cavity would be most likely to cause:
increased residual volume.
decreased vital capacity.
increased functional reserve volume.
decreased tidal volume. | decreased vital capacity. |
| One hundred milliliters of arterial blood contains approximately what volume percent of oxygen?
10%
15%
20%
25% | 20% |
| Which of the following is not a regulated process associated with the functioning of the respiratory system?
Transport of gases
Gas exchange in lungs and tissue
Control of cell metabolism rate
Pulmonary ventilation | Control of cell metabolism rate |
| The major form by which carbon dioxide is transported in the circulatory system is:
in solution.
as bicarbonate ions.
as carbaminohemoglobin.
none of the above. | as bicarbonate ions. |
| If the tidal volume of a given individual is 500 ml, then the anatomical dead space is approximately _____ ml.
50
100
150
200 | 150 |
| Which of the following would have the greatest accelerating effect on the dissociation of oxygen from hemoglobin?
Increased PO2
Decreased PCO2
Decreased PO2 and decreased PCO2
Decreased PO2 and increased PCO2 | Decreased PO2 and increased PCO2 |
| Normal, quiet breathing is known as:
orthopnea.
hyperpnea.
dyspnea.
eupnea. | eupnea. |
| A drop in the body’s production of carbonic anhydrase would hinder the formation of:
carbonic acid.
oxyhemoglobin.
carbaminohemoglobin.
All of the above are correct. | carbonic acid. |
| Standard atmospheric pressure is _____ mm Hg.
650
700
760
800 | 760 |
| The PCO2 in the atmosphere is:
less than in the alveolar air.
greater than in the alveolar air.
equal to the alveolar air.
greater than arterial blood. | less than in the alveolar air. |
| Which type of breathing is characterized by repeated sequences of deep gasps and apnea, and is usually seen in people with increased intracranial pressure?
Hyperpnea
Dyspnea
Biot’s breathing
Eupnea | Biot’s breathing |
| Which of the following is not a means of transporting oxygen in the blood?
As oxyhemoglobin
Combined with the bicarbonate ion (HCO3–)
Dissolved in the plasma
All of the above are used to transport oxygen in the blood. | Combined with the bicarbonate ion (HCO3–) |
| Which muscles are used for forced expiration?
Sternocleidomastoid and abdominal muscles
Sternocleidomastoid and intercostals
External intercostals and pectoralis muscles
Abdominal muscles and internal intercostals | Abdominal muscles and internal intercostals |
| The symbol HbNCOOH– is used for:
carbonic anhydrase.
carbaminohemoglobin.
the heme group.
the bicarbonate ion. | carbaminohemoglobin. |
| Boyle’s law states that the volume of a gas varies _____ with pressure at a _____ temperature.
directly; constant
inversely; constant
directly; constantly changing
inversely; constantly changing | inversely; constant |
| By the time the blood leaves the lung capillaries to return to the heart, what percentage of the blood’s hemoglobin has united with oxygen?
55%
63%
82%
97% | 97% |
