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Study Guide Chpt.4 S

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Created by: melisa210

Question	Answer
Mendeleev created the first periodic table by arranging elements in order of	increasing atomic mass
How did chemists change Mendeleev's periodic table in the early 1900s?	They used atomic number instead of the atomic mass to organize the elements
From an element's location in the periodic table, you can predict	Its properties
Which of these statements about a column of the periodic table is true?	The elements have similar properties
The factor that determines how an atom interacts with the other atoms is its	number if valence electrons
Which of the following have the same number and arrangement of valence electrons	elements in a group
Which of the following is not a physical property of most metals?	being a liquid at room temperature
Which of the following about metals is true?	Metals show a wide range of chemical properties
In the periodic table, the most reactive metals are found	in Group 1, the first column on the left
Which group of elements have two valence electrons in their atoms	alkaline earth metals
Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table?	to the right of the zigzag line
Which group contains the most elements	metals
At room temperature more than half of the nonmetals are	gases
which member of the carbon family is a nonmetal	carbon
how does nuclear fusion create new elements inside stars?	small nuclei combine to form larger nuclei
The sun is made up of mostly	hydrogen
Where are metals located in the periodic table	to the left of the zigzag line
In which part of an atom are the valence electrons located	farthest from the nucleus
The elements in a row of the periodic table	are in the same period
The elements in a column of the periodc table	are in the same family
What information in the periodic table indicated the number of protons in an atom?	the element's atomic number
Which part of the atom move around the nucleus	electrons
The atomic number of an element is based on the	number of protons in its nucleus
What prediction did Mendeleev make that came true less than 20 years later	He said that three new elements would be discovered, and he described their properties
The two most common alkaline earth metals are	calcium and magnesium
Which of the following statements about transition metals is true	They are so similar that it's often difficult to find difference between them
Which group of elements share characteristics with both metals and nonmetals	metalloids
The elements that do not ordinarily form compounds are	noble gases
Which member of the carbon family is a metalloid	silicon
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are part of a group called	halogens
The modern periodic table is organized according to	atomic number
The horizontal rows in the periodic table are known as	periods
The elements in a group from the periodic table have ____ characteristics	similar
The elements in each ___ of the periodic table generally have the same number of valence electrons	group
Describing a metal as a ____ means that it can be pounded into shape	malleable
The most chemically active metals are in ___ of the periodic table	Group 1
Nonmetals can be found on the ___ side of the periodic table	right
In general, the physical properties of nonmetals are ___ to the properties of metals	different
Fusion is the process in which existing nuclei ___ and make new nuclei	combine
Atoms of the halogen family elements typically gain ____ when they react	one electron
Mendeleev discovered that periodic patterns appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing ___	atomic mass
The property of an element that indicated the number if protons in its atoms is the ___	atomic number
A column of elements in the periodic table is called a group, or ___	family
The electrons in an atom that are involved in forming chemical bonds are called ___	valence electrons
Elements that transmit electricity and heat easily are called good ___	conductors
The chemical reactivity of metal tends to ___from left to right across the periodic table	decrease
Some elements on the right side if the periodic table from the molecules of two atoms each, which are called ____ molecules	diatomic
Nonmetals are __ conductors of heat and electricity	poor
Astronomers generally agree that the matter in the sun and its planets came from a _____ an explosion that broke apart a massive star billions of years ago	supernova
In the 1800s, Dimitri Mendeleev organized the first truly useful ____	periodic table
An elements ____ can be predicted from its location in the periodic table	properties
Each chemical element is given a specific ___ that usually consists of one or two letters	chemical symbol
Elements in Group 1 have ___ valence electrons	one
Most metals are in the ___ state at room temperature	solid
Brass is a ____ formed by mixing copper and zinc	alloy
Elements known as ___ are located to the right of the metalloids on the periodic table	nonmetals
At room temperature, all the metalloids are solids, while most nonmetals are ___	gases
A substance that will conduct electricity only under certain conditions is called a ____	semiconductor
In stars, matter exists in the ____ state in which elements have been stripped away from the nuclei of atoms	plasma
When two nuclei combine in a ____ reaction, a huge amount of energy is released.	fusion