| Question | Answer |
| What are the three major groups of rock? | igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic |
| What are the two types of igneous rocks? | extrusive and intrusive |
| What are three characteristics that geologists use to classify rocks? | texture, mineral composition, color |
| What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? | clastic, organic, chemical |
| What are the two types of metamorphic rocks? | nonfoliated, foliated |
| The texture of metamorphic rocks that has grains arranged in parallel layers is described as... | foliated |
| Igneous rocks that cools very quickly when it forms may have a texture that is... | smooth and shiny with no visible grain |
| When all the grains in a rock are large and easy to see, the rock is described as... | coarse grained. |
| To describe a rock's texture, geologists determine... | the size, shape, and the pattern of the rock's grains |
| Which of the following is NOT one of the possible stages in the rock cycle: melting, volcanic activity, smelting: | smelting |
| What are the two most useful metamorphic rocks? | marble and slate |
| A series of processes on Earth's surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly form rocks from one kind to another is called... | the rock cycle |
| The heat that changed a rock into metamorphic rock comes from... | the heat of the mantle. |
| Rock that formed from cooling magma below the surface... | intrusive. |
| The process by which sediment SETTLES OUT of the water or wind carrying it is... | deposition. |
| Overtime, coral buried by sediments can turn into... | limestone. |
| Heat and pressure deep beneath Earth's surface can change a rock into... | metamorphic rock |
| Rock that forms from cooling magma or lava is called... | igneous rock. |
| Geologists classify metamorphic rock according to... | the arrangement of the grains that make up the rock. |
| Metamorphic rocks that are nonfoliated... | have mineral grains line up in parallel layers. |
| Igneous rock that formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface (outside) is called... | extrusive rock |
| The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together is... | cementation |
| The texture of slate is said to be_______ because its mineral particles can be seen only with a microscope. | no visible grain |
| Foliated and nonfoliated are terms used to describe the texture of... | metamorphic |
| When seas or lakes evaporate, a type of sedimentary rock called a _______ rock can form. | chemical |
| The carrying away of rock fragments by water, wind, or ice is called _______, an important process in the formation of sedimentary rocks. | erosion |
| Erosion and deposition play roles in the formation of ________ rocks. | sedimentary |
| As layer upon layer of sediments are deposited, the process of ______ presses them together. | compaction |
| ______ is NOT a sedimentary rock. | granite |
| _______ rocks are formed when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystalize on Earth's surface. | chemical |
| Coal is an example of _______ rock | sedimentary rock |
| A sedimentary rock that forms where thick layers of plant and animal remains are deposited... | coal |
