| Term | Definition |
| repartee | clever and amusing comments and replies that are made quickly
She engaged him in witty repartee. حاضر جوابی |
| deride | to treat somebody/something as ridiculous and not worth considering seriously ; mock دست انداختن ، مسخره کردن
His views were derided as old-fashioned.
The play was derided by the critics. |
| evince | to show clearly that you have a feeling or quality ابراز کردن ؛ نشان دادن
He evinced a strong desire to be reconciled with his family.
She evinced little enthusiasm for the outdoor life. |
| mascot | نماد خوش شانسی
The team's mascot is a giant swan.
Zakumi—the official mascot of the 2010 FIFA World Cup |
| doughty | brave and strong
a doughty defender of women's rights |
| impetuous | acting or done quickly and without thinking carefully about the results ; impulsive بی پروا
an impetuous young woman
an impetuous decision |
| penchant | strong tendency ; میل شدید
She has a penchant for champagne. |
| kinship | blood relationship ; خویشاوندی |
| heady | having a strong effect on your senses; making you feel excited and confident
synonym intoxicating قوی ، مست کننده
the heady days of youth
the heady scent of hot spices
a heady mixture of desire and fear |
| largess | the act or quality of being generous with money; money that you give to people who have less than you
She is not noted for her largesse (= she is not generous).
to dispense largesse to the poor |
| backpedal | to change an earlier statement or opinion;
The protests have forced the government to back-pedal on the new tax. |
| rapacious | aggressively greedy or grasping.
"rapacious landlords" |
| legerdemain | slight of hand , conjuring
تر دستی |
| odium | حس نفرت
"his job had made him the target of public hostility and odium" |
| occlude | to cover or block something ; مسدود کردن
an occluded artery |
| portentous | شوم ؛ بد یمن
"the envelope and its portentous contents" |
| ostensible | eeming or stated to be real or true, when this is perhaps not the case
synonym apparent صوری ؛ الکی
The ostensible reason for his absence was illness. |
| recalcitrant | unwilling to obey rules or follow instructions; difficult to control ; rebellious
a recalcitrant child |
| monolithic | یک پارچه |
| desiccation | the process of becoming completely dry ; dehydrate ; dry
The dramatic desiccation of North Africa is a perplexing phenomenon. |
| perplex | make sb confused |
| pleonasm | تکرار بی مورد
‘see with your eyes’ is a pleonasm |
| abstemious | not allowing yourself to have much food or alcohol, or to do things that are enjoyable پرهیزگار
He was a hard-working man with abstemious habits. |
| shrub /ʃrʌb/ | a large plant that is smaller than a tree and that has several stems of wood coming from the ground ; bush
evergreen shrubs
shrub roses |
| errant | erring or straying from the proper course or standards. اشتباه
"he could never forgive his daughter's errant ways" |
| err | to make a mistake |
| surfeit | large amount ;
Indigestion can be brought on by a surfeit of rich food.
a surfeit of violence on television |
| scintilla | small amount ;
There is not a scintilla of truth in what she says.
They had not found a scintilla of evidence against him. |
| havoc | a situation in which there is a lot of damage, destruction or confusion ; خرابی ؛ ویرانی
The floods caused havoc throughout the area. |
| conflagration | a very large fire that destroys a lot of land or buildings ; حریق بزرگ |
| culminate | to end with a particular result, or at a particular point ; منتهی شدن به
a gun battle which culminated in the death of two police officers
Months of hard work culminated in success.
Their summer tour will culminate at a spectacular concert in London. |
| bid | offer (specially in auction) |
| rankle | جانسوز بودن
Her comments still rankled.
His decision to sell the land still rankled with her. |
| enervate | to make somebody feel weak and tired ; weaken
an enervating disease/climate |
| debase | to make somebody/something less valuable or respected ; کم ارزش کردن
Sport is being debased by commercial sponsorship. |
| minatory | threatening
minatory words |
| insularity | only interested in your own country, ideas, etc. and not in those from outside ; انزوا
The British are often accused of being insular. |
| lucid | clearly expressed; easy to understand ; clear ;
a lucid style/explanation |
| incentive | something that encourages you to do something انگیزه ; pop. disincentive : مانع
tax incentives to encourage savings
There is no incentive for people to save fuel. |
| countermand | to cancel an order that has been given, especially by giving a different order ; an order revoking a previous one ; لغو کردن |
| iniquitous | very unfair or wrong ; نا حق ؛
an iniquitous system/practice |
| halcyon | peaceful and happy ; روز خوب و ارام ;
the halcyon days of her youth |
| stratify | to arrange something in layers ; طبقه طبقه کردن ;
a highly stratified society;
stratified rock |
| notorious | well known for being bad ; بد نام و رسوا
a notorious criminal |
| unheralded | not previously mentioned; happening without any warning ; ناگهانی
I didn't want to make an unheralded entrance.
an unheralded visit |
| opacity | تاری ؛ کدری
sheets of frosted glass with varying degrees of opacity |
| connotation | معنی ضمنی
The word ‘professional’ has connotations of skill and excellence. |
| plumb | to try to understand or succeed in understanding something mysterious
She spent her life plumbing the mysteries of the human psyche. |
| demographic | امار
the demographics of radio listeners |
| deceleration | opp. acceleration |
| dearth | a lack of something; کمبود
There was a dearth of reliable information on the subject. |
| clangor | a continuous loud crashing or ringing sound ; صدای جرق جرق |
| deleterious | harmful and damaging ; اسیب رسان ؛ زیان اور
the deleterious effect of stress on health |
| subdued | unusually quiet, and possibly unhappy ; رام و مطیع
He seemed a bit subdued to me.
She was in a subdued mood. |
| noisome | extremely unpleasant ;
noisome smells |
| undulate | to go or move gently up and down like waves ; fluctuate
The countryside undulates pleasantly. |
| erstwhile | former ;
an erstwhile opponent
His erstwhile friends turned against him. |
| vagrant | a person who has no home or job, especially one who begs (= asks for money) from people ; اواره ؛ ولگرد |
| mendicant | living by asking people for money and food ; گدا |
| jeopardy /ˈdʒepədi/ | danger ; hazard
The civil war has put thousands of lives in jeopardy.
The future of the school and 50 jobs are in jeopardy. |
| proselyte /prɒsɪlʌɪt/ | a person who has converted from one opinion, religion, or party to another ; recently converted |
| malefactor | جنایت کار ; a person who does wrong, illegal or immoral things |
| deter | deter (somebody) (from something/from doing something) ; کسی رو از چیزی ترساندن |
| crotchet /ˈkrɒtʃɪt/ | quarter note (in music notes) |
| awl | درفش |
| apogee | the highest point of something, where it is greatest or most successful ; climax ; اوج
a religious community that was at its apogee in the twelfth century |
| nadir | the worst moment of a particular situation
the nadir of his career
Company losses reached their nadir in 2009. |
| culmination | climax ; the highest point or end of something, usually happening after a long time
The reforms marked the successful culmination of a long campaign. |
| zenith | the highest point that the sun or moon reaches in the sky, directly above you
The sun rose towards its zenith. |
| opus | a piece of music written by a famous composer and usually followed by a number that shows when it was written
Beethoven's Opus 18 |
| whimsical | unusual and not serious in a way that is either amusing or annoying ; عجیب غریب
to have a whimsical sense of humour
Much of his writing has a whimsical quality.
"a whimsical sense of humor" |
| notion | an idea, a belief or an understanding of something ; تصور ؛ ایده
a political system based on the notions of equality and liberty
She had only a vague notion of what might happen. |
| commodious | having a lot of space ; جادار |
| amiable | pleasant; friendly and easy to like ; دوست داشتنی
an amiable tone of voice
Her parents seemed very amiable. |
| reciprocity | a situation in which two people, countries, etc. provide the same help or advantages to each other ؛عمل متقابل |
| cordial /ˈkɔːrdʒəl/ | pleasant and friendly ; صمیمی
a cordial atmosphere/meeting/relationship |
| propinquity | the state of being near in space or time ; proximity ; مجاورت ؛ نزدیکی |
| lumber | 1 timber ; الوار ;
2 move in a slow, heavy, awkward way. |
| sidle | to walk somewhere in a shy or uncertain way as if you do not want to be noticed ; یه وری راه رفتن ;
She sidled up to me and whispered something in my ear.
He sidled into the room. |
| traipse | to walk somewhere slowly when you are tired and unwilling ; walk in a directionless way ;
We spent the afternoon traipsing around the town. |
| trudge | to walk slowly or with heavy steps, because you are tired or carrying something heavy ;
He trudged the last two miles to the town. |
| unscathed | unharmed ;
The hostages emerged from their ordeal unscathed. |
| ordeal | unpleasant experience |
| bemoan | to complain or say that you are not happy about something ; express sorrow over sth ;
They sat bemoaning the fact that no one would give them a chance. |
| sumptuous | luxurious ; very expensive and looking very impressive ;
a sumptuous meal ;
We dined in sumptuous surroundings. |
| mercurial | often changing or reacting in a way that is unexpected ; دمدمی ;
synonym volatile ;
Emily's mercurial temperament made her difficult to live with. |
| nugatory /ˈnuːɡətɔːri/ | having no purpose or value ; worthless ;
"a nugatory and pointless observation" |
| precarious | not safe or certain; dangerous ; متزلزل ؛ پرمخاطره ;
He earned a precarious living as an artist.
The museum is in a financially precarious position. |
| banquet | a formal meal for a large number of people, usually for a special occasion, at which speeches are often made ; ضیافت ;
a state banquet in honour of the visiting President |
| render | to cause somebody/something to be in a particular state or condition ; make ;
to render something harmless/useless/ineffective ;
Hundreds of people were rendered homeless by the earthquake. |
| crescendo | a gradual increase in how loudly a piece of music is played or sung ;
opposite diminuendo |
| euphony | pleasant to listen to ; صدای دلپذیر |
| obsolete | no longer used because something new has been invented ; out of date ;
obsolete technology |
| woebegone | looking very sad ; miserable ;
a woebegone expression |
| ethereal | extremely delicate and light; seeming to belong to another, more spiritual, world ;
ethereal music ;
her ethereal beauty |
| effulgent | shining brightly ; درخشنده |
| haggard | looking very tired because of illness, worry or lack of sleep ; drawn
He looked pale and haggard.
a haggard face |
| epaulet /ˈepəlet/ | سر دوشی ; |
| lax | not strict, severe or careful enough about work, rules or standards of behaviour ; slack, careless ; سهل انگار ؛ شل ;
lax security/discipline ;
a lax attitude to health and safety regulations |
| construe | to understand the meaning of a word, a sentence, or an action in a particular way ; interpret ; تعبیر کردن ;
He considered how the remark was to be construed. |
