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EUH Test One

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Question	Answer
In the eleventh century B.C.E., the Israelites transformed their political system from a confederation of loosely organized tribes into a(n)	Monarchy
Which of the following was the primary cause of urbanization in southern Mesopotamia?	The need to concentrate the population in order to carry out the extensive irrigation of the region
Old Kingdom Egypt's stability and self-sufficiency was due to all of the following factors EXCEPT which one?	Large and professional trained army
Around 3500 B.C.E., the first civilization was established in the region of Mesopotamia called	Sumer
Which of King David's sons elevated the kingdom of Israel to its greatest power and prestige?	solomon
It is MOST accurate to state that the early nomadic groups of Hebrews or Aramaeans	were not strictly monotheistic.
The first great heroic poem of Western civilization was the	Epic of Gilgamesh
Especially after the so-called Babylonian captivity, the Israelites began to	regard Yahweh as the one universal god.
The building of the great pyramids at Sakkara and outside Memphis took place during the time of the	Tiglath-Pileser III
Akhenaten's monotheism was	actually a form of divinity shared by the pharaoh and the sun-disk.
Which of the following was an early agricultural settlement in the Middle East?	Jericho
The written script of Mesopotamian civilizations was	Cuneiform
The Hebrews, after leaving Egypt, migrated to	Canaan
The term Europe originally referred to	Central Greece
What group destroyed the kingdom of Israel in 722 B.C.E.?	assyrians
Which of the following statements concerning the practice of Mesopotamian religion is NOT accurate?	Mesopotamians constantly sought intimate contact with the gods.
In addition to Hammurabi's Code, the Old Babylonian Empire is also recognized for its contribution in the area of	Mathematics
The main contribution of the foreigners known as the Hyksos who invaded Egypt during the Middle Kingdom was to	introduce military technology and organization.
Who was the pharaoh who attempted to revolutionize Egyptian religious life?	Akhenaten
Much of Hammurabi's Code was concerned with	protecting women and children from unfair treatment.
The new ethical perspective conveyed by the literature of the Middle Kingdom is best represented by the story of	Sinuhe
The statement that the agricultural revolution was portable means that	the knowledge and technology of agriculture could be easily transported from one place to another.
Around 3150 B.C.E., King Narmer united Upper and Lower Egypt and founded a new capital at	Memphis
Osiris was the	Egyptian god of the dead.
Which of the following did NOT occur in the transition from the Old to the Middle Kingdom?	Women gained constitutional rights.
Which of the following is NOT true of the ecology of Mesopotamia?	The south has both adequate rain and good soil.
Mesopotamian society became highly stratified, and not everyone shared equally in its benefits. Those who were the primary victims in this civilization were the	Slaves and peasants.
The Neanderthal had all of the following characteristics EXCEPT	a smaller brain than other Homo sapiens.
The practice of staying put and exploiting various sources of food instead of constantly traveling is called	broad-spectrum gathering.
Around 3500 B.C.E., the first civilization was established in the region of Mesopotamia called	Sumer
In 586 B.C.E. the kingdom of Judah was conquered by the New Babylonian Empire under the leadership of	Nebuchadnezzar II
The first humanlike creatures, such as Lucy, may have	utilized simple tools.
The gods of Mesopotamian society were	anthropomorphic--that is, they had human form.
Which of the following Judaic groups produced a body of oral law termed the Mishnah?	The Pharisees
As a result of his religious reform, Amenhotep IV did all of the following EXCEPT which one?	Move his religious capital to the city of Thebes
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the fall of Judah in 586 B.C.E.?	Emphasis on temple worship rather than study of the Torah
Which of the following statements concerning the Akkadian nation-state is MOST accurate?	Like most states of Mesopotamia, the Akkadian state crumbled under the pressure of dynastic disputes and regional assertions of autonomy.
The warlike people who dominated the Palestinian coast and defeated the Israelites in 1050 B.C.E. were the	Philistines.
After their exodus from Egypt, the ancient Hebrews forged a new identity and faith that included all of the following EXCEPT the	rejection of the principle of monotheism.
The Egyptian king who built the first known pyramid was	Zoser
What Hebrew leaders were particularly concerned with keeping Judaism uncontaminated by other religious and cultural influences after the return from Babylon?	Ezra and Nehemiah
The Hittite people	perfected the light, horse-drawn war chariot
What was the state to expand in Mesopotamia after the fall of the Akkadian nation-state?	Ur under Shulgi
Which of the following was NOT one of the major Sumerian cities around 3000 B.C.E.?	Nineveh
The founder of the first unified Akkadian state was	Sargon
The destruction of the Assyrian Empire was the result of a(n)	uprising of its subjugated people
The Mycenaean civilization was based on	a monarchy aided by a military elite that organized and controlled the economy.
All of the following challenged the traditional aristocratic rule in the late Archaic Age EXCEPT	the development of a unified Greek state
The Minoan religion placed particular emphasis on	the worship of female deities.
What Greek god was associated with the oracle of Delphi?	Apollo
The glue that held both individual Greeks and various city-states together was	their common stock of myths.
The development of democracy in Greece was associated with	the development of the city-states.
Which of the following was NOT part of the Lycurgan constitution of Sparta?	Archons
Until the seventh century B.C.E., Athens was able to escape the civil strife prevalent in other states because	its relative abundance of arable land and commercial prosperity from grain exports had provided stability.
Which of the following statements best describes the socioeconomic system of the Minoan culture?	It was a strongly stratified system in which the peasantry paid a heavy tribute.
What is the MOST plausible explanation for the fall of the Mycenaean civilization?	internal warfare coupled with socioeconomic disintegration
Which statement BEST describes the city-state of Corinth under Periander's rule (ca. 627-586 B.C.E.)?	A causeway was constructed, the fleet was enlarged, and political factionalism was weakened.
Who controlled the Minoan civilization's economy and agriculture?	Palace bureaucrats
In the second half of the sixth century B.C.E., what empire set up puppet regimes in Greek city-states in Asia Minor and then threatened the mainland city-states?	Persian
Homer's Iliad was composed during what period of Greek history?	The Dark Age
The Greek myths	sanctioned and supported the authority of social, political, and religious traditions.
What is the MOST plausible explanation for the fall of the Minoan civilization?	invasion and destruction at the hands of Mycenaeans after the Thera eruptions
The general model of the city-state may have been borrowed from the	Phoenicians.
The linear "B" script was used by the Mycenaean civilization almost exclusively for	administrative purposes.
Draco's measures for ending violence in Athens during the seventh century B.C.E. could BEST be termed	harsh
Which was the first of the late Bronze Age cultures to develop in Greek civilization?	Cycladic
The Iliad's contribution to Western thought stems primarily from its	concern with how people face the universal elements of human destiny.
Following the reform era, Sparta's political system could BEST be characterized as a	government in which eunomia was the sole guiding principle, and service to the state came before family and class considerations.
Democratization of war was associated in Greece with the development of the	phalanx
What are ethne (singular, ethnos)?	Territorial units of the western Peloponnesus featuring villages and small towns
The form of political organization based on city-states was the	polis
The fall of the Mycenaean civilization ushered in the	Dark Age.
Which of the following was NOT a use of the Greek standing male nude, or kouros, figure?	device for individual portraiture
What reformer reorganized the major political units and helped Athens toward democracy in 507 B.C.E.?	Cleisthenes
With increasing democratization, Greek attitudes toward women	kept women largely out of view and political life.
What was the primary purpose of Greek colonization after 750 B.C.E.?	The reduction of population pressure
Greek religion can tell us a great deal about the values of the Greeks, in that their gods and goddesses reflected	the values and weaknesses of the Greeks themselves.
Which statement BEST describes Greece's physical characteristics?	Its erratic rainfall and constant temperature necessitate a wider world for trade.
Which of the following was NOT one of Solon's reforms?	A radical redistribution of land
Which of the following were Athenian tyrants?	Peisistratus and Hippias
Which of the following was NOT condoned in Greek society during the Archaic Age?	Public roles for free women
The origins of Greek philosophy can be traced to all of the following EXCEPT	the strong foundation of rational science left over from Achaean civilization.
The reforms enacted in Sparta during the seventh century B.C.E. have been attributed to the legendary lawgiver	Lycurgus
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Homer's Odyssey?	The demos, or assembly of the people, was relatively effective in enforcing the law.
Rulers who came to power, often in opposition to aristocratic authority and without official position, were called	tyrants.
The Minoan civilization's geographic advantage in the Mediterranean resulted from its location	between the civilizations of the Fertile Crescent and the barbarian worlds of the north and west.
Which statement BEST describes the city-state of Corinth under Periander's rule (ca. 627-586 B.C.E.)?	A causeway was constructed, the fleet was enlarged, and political factionalism was weakened.
From the sixth century B.C.E. until its conquest by Macedonia in 338 B.C.E., Corinth was ruled by	a democracy.
Which description BEST illustrates the Spartan lifestyle?	War is the center of life, and one's existence matters only in the ability to do one's duty and serve the state.
The choice of Olympia and Delphi for pan-Hellenic celebrations was made primarily on the basis of their	insulated and removed positions from interstate rivalry.
While the Homeric epics are tales set in the late Bronze Age, they were likely written in the	Dark Age.
Which of the following was NOT the site of a great Minoan palace complex?	Corinth
During the eighth century B.C.E. in Greece the first sign of radical change was	a massive population increase.
The form of political organization based on city-states was the	Polis
By the eighth century B.C.E., Greek black-figure vase painters	experimented with portraying heroic narratives from Greek mythology.
Which of the following most accurately reflects the Spartan attitude toward assuming leadership of the Greek world after the Persian Wars?	Concerned with the threat of a helot revolt, they failed to step into the power vacuum left by the withdrawal of the Persians.
Which of the following was NOT a form of drama presented at the feast of Dionysus in Athens?	Mystery
Hero and Archimedes were two of the greatest	scientific minds of the Hellenistic Age
What Greek city-state finally freed Messenia and broke the foundation of Sparta's economic prosperity?	Thebes
The Spartan king responsible for the defense of the pass at Thermopylae during the second Persian invasion of Greece was	Leonidas
Which of the following statements concerning Hellenistic architectural styles is most accurate?	Hellenistic architecture was more flamboyant, elaborate, and monumental in scale.
The kingdom that moved into the power vacuum left by the constant strife among the Greek city-states was	Macedonia
The Athenians controlled their maritime empire in all of the following ways EXCEPT which one?	Depending on the Spartans to enforce military rule
After Alexander's death, his empire	was divided into many parts ruled by former generals, native princelings, and priest-kings.
Which of the following was NOT a Greek victory during the two Persian invasions of Greece?	Thermopylae
What controversial Athenian philosopher engaged in the search for moral self-enlightenment by questioning all who claimed to possess wisdom?	Socrates
The practice of imposing a ten-year exile on those who threatened to undermine the democratic constitution of Athens was called	ostracism
The Athenians defeated the Persians and Darius I in 490 B.C.E. at the battle of	Marathon.
How did Pericles redirect Athens' foreign policy?	From anti-Persian to anti-Spartan
Which of the following schools of philosophy was NOT prevalent in the Hellenistic period?	Existentialism
Most of the leaders of fifth-century Athens came from the	aristocracy, the ranks of old wealth and influence.
What phrase best describes the first phase of the Peloponnesian War (the Archidamian War)?	A war of attrition
Pericles did all of the following to achieve political influence EXCEPT which one?	Rely exclusively on the support of the aristocracy that tended to dominate political office
Which of the following structures was NOT built on the Athenian acropolis?	Dioscurus
Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the philosophical position of the Stoics?	True happiness consists in freely accepting one's role, whatever it may be, while evil results from rejecting one's place in the divine plan.
The author of the fundamental textbook on geometry created during the Hellenistic period was	Euclid
Teachers who offered to teach aspiring politicians the art of persuasion and other aspects of advanced education were called	Sophists.
One of the greatest libraries of the ancient world was assembled in the Hellenistic city of	Alexandria.
What was the name for foreigners living in Athens who could neither own land nor participate directly in politics?	Metics
Alexander's prime political objective for his vast conquests was to	merge local and Greek peoples and traditions to forge a lasting empire
Despite Greek victories in the Persian Wars, this city was still captured and burned by the Persians.	Athens
Which of the following statements best describes Aristotle's philosophy?	Systematic observation yields valid general theories.
Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe Herodotus' history of the Persian Wars?	He failed to demonstrate even a rudimentary understanding of cause and effect in history.
Which of the following was NOT true of the Athenian victory over the Persians in 490 B.C.E.?	It ended all Persian hopes of successfully invading Greece.
Which of the following statements best describes Plato's political views?	He advocated creation of a government ruled by a philosopher elite.
Which of the following Greek cities or regions opposed the Persian invasion of the Greek mainland in 490 B.C.E.?	Athens
After victory in the Peloponnesian War, the Spartans	provoked opposition from throughout the Greek world after clumsy attempts to establish oligarchies in former democratic city-states.
Which of the following best describes Plato's philosophy?	He emphasized an ideal world of eternal Forms.
Because Athenian political offices were filled by lot and turned over frequently, leadership was often provided by	demagogues.
Slaves made up approximately what proportion of the population of Attica?	One fourth
The Persian emperor who launched the second invasion of the Greek mainland in 481 B.C.E. was	Xerxes
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the role of women in Athens during the fifth century B.C.E.?	They were excluded from all public life and dominated in the household by significant males.
Which of the following Athenian leaders was ostracized?	Cimon
Which city-state was defeated in the Peloponnesian War?	Athens
Which of the following statements best describes Aristotle's political philosophy?	He proposed a balanced view based on empiricism
Hellenistic cities were similar to classical Greek poleis in all the following ways EXCEPT which one?	They were never independent of monarchs.
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the style achieved by the Athenian sculptor Phidias?	He sought naturalism and realism in the human figure but retained the ideal form rather than individualism
The man credited with writing a book of "inquiry" (in Greek historia) was	Herodotus
Alexander's conquests took him as far east as the modern nation of	Pakistan
Which if the following wrote a history of the Peloponnesin War?	Thucydides
What controversial Athenian philosopher engaged in the search for moral self-enlightenment by questioning all who claimed to possess wisdom?	Socrates
Which of the following dramatists did NOT write tragedies?	Charmides
Where did Alexander the Great win victories in his conquest of the Persian Empire?	Issus, Guagamela
To unite the Greek city-states after his victory at Chaeronea in 338 B.C.E., Philip II formed the	League of Corinth.
One of the greatest libraries of the ancient world was assembled in the Hellenistic city of	Alexandria
What Athenian politician offered a Persian alliance in return for replacing the Athenian democracy with an oligarchy?	Alcibiades
What was the name for foreigners living in Athens who could neither own land nor participate directly in politics?	Metics
Teachers who offered to teach aspiring politicians the art of persuasion and other aspects of advanced education were called	Sophists
Which of the following structures was NOT built on the Athenian acropolis?	Dioscurus
The kingdom that moved into the power vacuum left by the constant strife among the Greek city-states was	Macedonia
The function of the censor in the early Roman republic was to	assign individuals their places in society and fill vacancies in the Senate
Which of the following was NOT typical of Villanovan culture?	Worship of Baal
Which statement BEST describes Roman treatment of conquered Latium?	The conquered people were treated generously and made either citizens or allies of Rome.
Rome's ascendency in the eastern Mediterranean was the result of	an opportunity brought about by war between small Hellenistic states seeking alliances with rome
Which statement represents the most plausible explanation for Roman ascendence over the Etruscan kings in the sixth century B.C.E.?	The Etruscan monarchy was everywhere yielding to oligarchic republics.
At the heart of Roman religion was a deep and abiding reverence for	order and authority.
What Greek religious cult was regarded as threatening to traditional Roman values?	Bacchus (Dionysus)
The conflict between plebeians and patricians in the first half of the fifth century B.C.E. was called the	Struggle of Orders.
In the Roman family, a wife could exercise some informal authority by	exercising her role as moral educator of the children.
The Law of the Twelve Tables	allowed anyone to know what the established laws were.
Servius Tullius's reform	established a military and political system based only on property holding.
The plebeians benefited from republican conquests in Italy in that they were able to	obtain land.
Which of the following groups was responsible for the settlement at Carthage in northern Africa?	Phoenicians
Following Servius Tullius' reforms, landowners were divided into five classes, which were in turn subdivided into	centuries
Which of the following statements concerning the centuriate assembly is most accurate?	Small centuries of wealthy, well-armed cavalrymen outnumbered the more numerous but modestly equipped centuries.
What civilization most strongly affected Roman letters?	Greek
Rome's conduct in the First Punic War could BEST be described as a	persistent, methodical policy that wore down Carthage.
Which of the following statements concerning the Second Punic War is NOT accurate?	The Romans prevented the Carthaginians from entering Italy, while the Roman legions ravaged Spain
Which of the following was NOT one of the Carthaginian deities?	Enki
Which of the following was NOT characteristic of Etruscan civilization?	Development of a centralized empire
Which of the following is NOT a feature from which Carthage benefited?	The existence of an army composed entirely of Carthaginian citizens
Who were the first major dramatists in Roman letters?	Terence and Plautus
Originally, Rome and Carthage were allies against the	Greek city-states of Italy.
Which of the following statements concerning early Roman society is NOT accurate?	Only members of gentes could take part in the village curiae.
The ideal citizen of the Roman Republic was a	farmer of modest means
Which of the following statements most accurately portrays the Carthaginian political system?	Carthage was governed by a mixed constitution that combined elements of monarchical, aristocratic, and popular rule.
Which of the following statements concerning early Roman society is NOT accurate?	Only members of gentes could take part in the village curiae.
What Greek historian first recorded Roman history?	Timaeus
On which hill were the earliest Roman villages founded?	Palatine
The Carthaginian religion was condemned by Roman and Greek contemporaries because of the Carthaginian practice of	infant sacrifice.
What Greek colony dominated the island of Sicily following victory at the battle of Himera in 480 B.C.E.?	Syracuse
What group overwhelmed Latium in the seventh century B.C.E. and absorbed it into their civilization?	Etruscans
What development signaled the end of Etruscan dominance in Italy?	The defeat of the Etruscan fleet at the battle of Cumae and subsequent loss of control of the seas
What senator is often presented as the preserver of the old traditions, a man who fought against the rising conspicuous consumption of New Rome?	Cato the Elder
What institution in early Roman society selected a candidate for king?	Senate
Which of the following statements concerning the Carthaginian empire is most accurate?	Carthage's multiethnic empire proved far more stable than any of those created by the Greeks.
Unlike contemporary Greek civilization, the Etruscans	permitted women to enjoy an elevated social status
In the early republic, the patrician class secured its privileged status by monopolizing all of the following EXCEPT which one?	The right to serve in the military
How did Roman control of its eastern provinces differ from Rome's management of its western possessions?	The west was governed by former magistrates or proconsuls, while the east was controlled through the existing political hierarchies.
Rome's ascendency in the eastern Mediterranean was the result of	an opportunity brought about by war between small Hellenistic states seeking
Which of the following statements concerning the centuriate assembly is most accurate?	Small centuries of wealthy, well-armed cavalrymen outnumbered the more numerous but modestly equipped centuries
Which of the following was NOT a reason for Greek colonization of the West?	Persian military threats
What magistrates protected the plebeians from arbitrary power exercised by the patricians?	Tribunes
Which of the following statements concerning the Second Punic War is NOT accurate?	The Romans prevented the Carthaginians from entering Italy, while the Roman legions ravaged Spain.
Which of the following was NOT a result of the three Punic wars?	The Roman system of alliances in Italy broke down.
What Carthaginian commander led his army, including elephants, across the Alps into Italy?	Hannibal
The nature of imperial expansion made the typical Roman citizen-soldier	an economic loser who was occasionally forced to give up eligibility for public service.
Based on recent archaeological evidence, the Etruscans originated in	western Italy, as they were not immigrants.
Which of the following statements concerning Roman religion is most accurate?	The Romans worshiped many gods.
Which of the following statements concerning the Roman military is NOT accurate?	Roman armies were composed of ill-trained conscripts.
If a child was born with some sort of physical defect in a Roman family, the Law of the Twelve Tables	sanctioned the child's killing.
Which of the following changes in the position of women after the imperial conquests is NOT accurate?	Fathers tended to transfer their authority over daughters to their husbands at the time of their marriage.
Which of the following is NOT a feature from which Carthage benefited?	The existence of an army composed entirely of Carthaginian citizens
Early Roman plays were primarily	comedies
The paterfamilias' power and authority	lasted as long as he lived.