Question | Answer |
specify the property of atomic orbitals and the property of electrons in orbitals | Quantum Numbers |
Three locations in a Electron Cloud | Shell, Subshell, Orbital |
(n) | shell |
principle quantum number | shell |
indicates the main energy level occuplied be the electron | shell |
As "n" increase so does what? | the energy and distance from the nucleus |
the total number of orbitals that exist in a given shell is equal to what? | n2 (squared) |
s, p, d, f | subshell |
refers to the shape of the orbital | subshell |
refers to the relative energy of the subshell | s,p,d,f |
each orbital can hold how many electrons? | 2 |
why are they paired (electrons)? | to have lower energy |
indicates the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital | spin quantum number |
can be positive or negative 1/2- up or down | electron spin |
electrons in orbitals must have what kind of spin? | opposite |
the arrangment of electrons in an atom | electron configuration |
electron configurations tell us in which orbitals the electrons for an element are located | very specific |
assume lowest possible energy arrangement | ground state configuration |
an electron occupies lowest energy orbital that can receive it- Principle | Aufbau Principal |
orbitals with lowest energy are first- Principle | Aufbau Principal |
no two electrons in the same aton have the same set of quantum numbers- Principle | Pauli Exclusion Principal |
orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any obital is occupied by a second electron- Principle | Hund's Rule |
all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin- Principle | Hund's Rule |
electron-electron repulsion is minium | lowest energy arrangement |
what is a shorthand method of writing the location of electrons by sublevel | electron configuration |
what states the electrons fill into orbitals in order of increasing energy | Aufbau Principal |
the electron containing main energy level with the highest principal quantum number (n) | highest occupied level |
electrons that are not the highest occupied energy level | inner-shell electrons |
electrons that are not spin-paired | unpaired electrons |