Question | Answer |
Aluminum | Al |
Argon | Ar |
Arsenic | AS |
Barium | Ba |
Bromine | Br |
Cadmium | Cd |
Calcium | Ca |
Carbon | C |
Cesium | Cs |
Chlorine | Cl |
Chromium | Cr |
Cobalt | Co |
Copper | Cu |
Fluorine | F |
Gold | Au |
Helium | He |
Hydrogen | H |
Iodine | I |
Iron | Fe |
Lead | Pb |
Lithium | Li |
Magnesium | Mg |
Manganese | Mn |
Mercury | Hg |
Neon | Ne |
Nickel | Ni |
Nitrogen | N |
Oxygen | O |
Phosphorus | P |
Potassium | K |
Silicon | Si |
Silver | Ag |
Sodium | Na |
Strontium | Sr |
Sulfer | S |
Tin | Sn |
Zinc | Zn |
atom | the limit of chemical subdivision for matter |
basic unit of measurement | a specific unit from wwhich other units for the same quantity are obtained by mulitplication or division |
chemical changes | canges matter undergoes that involve changes in composition |
chemical properties | properties mater demonstrates when attempts are made tp chane it into new substances |
compound | pure substances consisting of two or more kinds of atoms in the form of heteroatomic molecules or individual atoms |
density | the number given when the mass of a smaple of a substance in divided by the volume of the same sample |
What are the proper units of measurement for density? | ? |
derived unit of measurement | a unit obtained by the dividion or mulitplication of one or more basic units |
diatomic molecules | molecules that contain one atom |
element | a pure substance consisting of only one kind of atom in the form of homoatomic molecules or individual atoms |
exact numbers | numbers that have no uncertainty |
factors unsed in the factor-unit method | fractions obtained from numerical relationships between quantities |
heteroatomic molecules | molecules that contain two or more kind of atoms |
hetergeneous matter | matter ith properties that are not the same throughout the sample |
homoatomic molecules | molecules that contain only one kind of atom |
homogeneous matter | matter that has the same properties throughout the sample |
mass | a measurement of the amount of matter in an object |
matter | anything that has mass and occupies space |
mixture | a physical blend of matter that can theoretically be physically separated into two or more components |
molecule | the smallest particale of a pure substance and is capable of a stable independent existance. |
What is the limit of physical subdivision for a pure substance? | a molecule |
physical changes | changes matter undergoes without changing composition |
physical properties | properties of matter that can be observed or measured without trying to change the composition of the matter being studied |
polyatomic molecules | molecules that contain more that three atoms |
pure substance | matter that has a constant composition and fixed properties |
scientific models | eplainations for observed behavior in nature |
scentific notation | a way of representing numbers consisting of a product between a nonexponential number and 10 raised to a whole number exponent that may be positive or negative |
signficant figures | the numbers in a measurement that represent the certainty of the measurement, plus one number representing an estimate. |
solutions | homogeneous mixtures of two or more pure substances |
What state of matter are solutions almost always found in? | liquid |
standard position for a decimal | in scentific notation, the position to the right of the first nondigit in the nonexponential number |
triatomic molecules | molecules that contain three atoms |
weight | a measurement of the gravitational force acting on an object |
elemental symbol | a symbol assigned to an element based on the name of the element, consisting of one capital letter or one capital letter followed by a lowercase letter |
compound formula | a representation of the molecule of a compound, consisting of the symbols of the atoms found in the molecules |
nucleus | the central core of atoms that contains protons, neutrons, and most of the mass of atoms |
mass number of an atom | a number equal to the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. |
What is the symbolic representation of the mass number of an atom? | A |
isotopes | atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers. THAT IS, they are atoms of the same element that contain different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. |
atomic mass unit (u) | a unit used to express the relative masses of atoms. |
What is a u equal to? | one u is equal to 1/12 the mass of an atom od carbon-12. |
atomic weight | the mass of an average atom of an element expressed in atomic mass units |
molecular weight | the relative mass of a molecule expressed in atomic mass units and ccalculated by adding together the atomic weights of the atoms in the molecule |
mole | the number of particules (atoms or molecules) contained in a sample of element or compound with a mass in grams equal to the atomic or molecular weight, respectively. |
What is one mole equal to numerically? | 6.02 x 10^23 |