Question | Answer |
Crookes tube | The experimental instrument that William Crookes used to identify cathode rays (also called cathode ray tube) |
Cathode ray tube | The experimental instrument that William Crookes used to identify cathode rays (also called Crookes tube) |
Like charges _____ one another | repel |
Opposite charges _____ each other | attract |
What are the particles in an atom? | Proton, neutron, electron |
An atom's atomic number tells you how many _____ it contains. | protons |
All atoms have an _______ number of electrons and protons | equal |
Protons are _______ charged | positively |
Electrons are ________ charged | negatively |
Neutrons are _______ charged | neutrally |
Isotopes | Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
Isotopes behave ______ in the their chemistry; the main difference between them is their _______ | identically, mass |
Mass number | The total number of neutrons and protons in an atom |
The planetary model of an atoms is also called the | Rutherford model |
The protons and neutrons in an atom are called the | nucleus |
Light is made up of _____ and small particles called ______ | waves, photons |
Particle/Wave Duality Theory | The theory that light sometimes behaves as a particle and sometimes behaves as a wave |
The high point of a light wave is called the | crest |
The low point of a light wave is called the | trough |
Wavelength | The distance between crests (or troughs) of a wave |
Amplitude | A measure of the eight of the crests or the depths of the troughs on a wave |
nano means | 10^-9 |
The range of light we can see (the rainbow) is called the | visible spectrum |
How do you remember which light has the longest wavelength, and the descending order? | ROY G. BIV |
Physical constant | A measurable quantity in nature that does not change |
Frequency | The number of wave crests (or troughs) that pass a given point each second |
Hertz (Hz) means | 1/second |
When wavelength is ______, frequency is ______. When wavelength is ______, frequency is _____. | large, small; small large |
All expanses of light are called | the electromagnetic spectrum |
As a light wave's frequency _______, its energy _______. As its frequency ______ its energy _______. | increases, increases; decreases, decreases |
As a light wave's wavelength _______, its energy ______. As its wavelength _______, its energy _______. | increases, decreases; decreases, increases |
Planck's constant is | 6.63 x 10^-34 Hz |
A scientific instrument that can analyze light and determine individual wavelengths that make it up is called | a spectrometer |
A spectrometer uses ________ to analyze light | spectroscopy |
When an electron gets energy, it is | excited |
When an electron releases energy, it is | de-excited |
All forms of matter try to stay in their ______ possible energy state | lowest |
Ground state | The lowest possible energy state for a given substance |
An atom is mostly made up of | nothing |
Who discovered protons? | Ernest Rutherford |