Question | Answer |
Solute | The substance dissolved in a solution. |
Solvent | The dissolving medium in a solution. |
Solution | A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase. |
Aqueous | A solution in which the solvent is water. |
Freezing Point Depression | The difference between the freezing points of a pure solvent and a solution of a nonelectrolyte in that solvent. |
Boiling Point Elevation | The difference between the boiling point of a pure solvent and a nonelectrolyte of that solvent, directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution. |
Saturated | Contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute. |
Unsaturated | Contains less solute than the satrated solution. |
Supersaturated | Contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions. |
Distillation | Method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture. |
Filtering | A membrane or layer that is designed to physically block certain objects or substances while letting others through. |
Chromatography | Term for a set of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. |
Solubility | The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solution. |
Mixture | A blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties. |
Homogeneous | Having a uniform composition throughout. |
Heterogeneous | Not having a uniform composition throughout. |
Suspension | A mixture in which the particles in the solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated. |
Colloid | A mixture consisting of particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions forming mixtures known as colloid dispersions. |
Disassociation | Partial or complete disruption of the normal integrations of a persons conscious or psychological functioning. |
Electrolyte | A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current. |
Nonelectrolyte | A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current. |
Precipitate | A solid that is produced as a result of a chemical reaction in solution and that separates from the solution. |
Ionic Equation | Chemical equation in which electrolytes are written as dissociated ions. |
Molecular Equation | Chemical equation written as if all components exist as molecules. |
Spectator Ion | An ion that does not take part in a chemical reaction and is found in solution both before and after the reaction. |
Acid | Compounds that contain hydrogen and can dissolve in water to release hydrogen ions into solution. |
Base | Substances that dissolve in water to release hydroxide into solution. |
Neutralization | The reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules. |
Oxidation | A reaction in which the atoms of an element experience an increase in oxidation state. |
Reduction | A reaction in which the oxidation state of an element decreases. |
Molarity | The number of moles of solute in one liter of solution. |
Molality | The concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solute. |
Dilution | Reduction of concentration of an active substance by admixture of a neutral agent. |
Titration | The controlled addition and measurement of the amount of a solution of known concentration measured amount of a solution of unknown concentrations. |
Concentration | A measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution. |