Question | Answer |
Chemistry | Study of composition of matter and the changes it undergoes |
Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
Pure Substance | Has fixed composition |
Pure Substance | Every sample has exactly same characterisitic, properties and composition |
Solid | Definite volume, definite shape |
Solid | Definite pattern to shape |
Solid | Held together by strong attractive forces |
Solid | Particles don't move much |
Solid | Particles packed together in relatively fixed positions |
Liquid | Definite volume, indefinite shape |
Liquid | Take shape of container |
Liquid | Particles close together but can move past one another |
Liquid | Particles move more rapidly than particles in a solid and causes them to flow b/c they temporarily overcome attractive forces |
Liquid | No pattern to shape |
Gas | Indefinite volume, indefinite shape |
Gas | expand to fill container & takes its shape |
Gas | Particles move quickly than particles in a liquid and at great distances from one another |
Gas | Has weak attractive forces |
Plasma | High-temp. state of matter in which atoms lose electrons |
Plasma | Found in fluorescent bulbs and the sun |
Physical Property | Characterisitic observed or measured w/out changing identity of substance |
Physical Property | Describes substance itself rather than how it can change into other substances |
Extensive Properties | Dependent on amt of substance present |
Extrinsic Properties | Dependent on amt of substance present |
Extensive Properties | Examples include length, volume and mass |
Extrinsic Properties | Examples include length, volume and mass |
Intensive Properties | Independent of amt of substance present |
Intrinsic Properties | Independent of amt of substance present |
Intensive Properties | Examples include color, density and smell |
Intrinsic Properties | Examples include color, density and smell |
Density | Physical property that is a ratio of mass of object to volume |
Density | units usually used are g/cm3 or g/mL |
Density | D = M/V |
Physical Change | Change in substance that doesn't involve change in identity of substance |
State Change | Physical change; substance changes from 1 physical state to another |
Phase Change | Physical change; substance changes from 1 physical state to another |
Chemical Property | Relates to substance's ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances |
Chemical Property | Change where 1+ substance(s) converted into different substance(s) |
Chemical Change | Change where 1+ substance(s) converted into different substance(s) |
Reactants | Substance that reacts |
Products | Substance that's formed |
Reactants | On left side of equation |
Products | On right side of equation |
Filtration | Technique of separating heterogeneous mixtures by passing the mixture through a filter |
Filtration | Usually used to separate solid from liquid |
Distillation | Technique used to separate homogeneous liquid mixtures where the liquid mixture is boiled to produce vapor and then condensed again to liquid |
Distillation | Used for liquids w/ similar boiling points |
Chromatography | Method for separating homogeneous mixtures (such as ink) |
Chromatography | Separates mixtures into their different components |
Element | Made of only 1 kind of atom |
Element | Simplest forms of matter that can exist under normal laboratory conditions |
Atom | Smallest particle of element that retains the properties of that element |
Law of Conservation of Mass | In any chemical or physical change, mass isn't created or destroyed |
Law of Conservation of Mass | mass reactants = mass products |
Periodic Table | Tool used to organize elements into a grid of horizontal rows and vertical columns |
Crystallization | Technique used to separate mixtures that separates the components of a mixture based on the ability of each component to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material |