Question | Answer |
Phase change | When a substance takes in or gets rid of energy. There is a change from one phase to another (solid, liquid, or gas) |
Melting | Change from solid to liquid.Arrangement of molecules becomes less orderly, more random |
Vaporization | Change from liquid to gas. Molecules are spread out, all over |
Condensation(Liquification) | Change from gas to liquid. Examples: Dew, fog, steam on the mirror after shower |
Freezing | Change from liquid to solid. Arrangement of molecules becomes more orderly |
Sublimation | Change from solid to gas. Examples: dry ice, “old ice”, and moth balls undergo sublimation |
Deposition | Change from gas to solid |
What are the characteristics of a solid? | Has a definite shape and definite volume |
How are the particles in a solid arranged? | Particles are packed close together |
What are the characteristics of a liquid? | Takes the shape of its container and has a definite volume |
How are the particles in a liquid arranged? | Particles are more random |
What are the characteristics of a gas? | Fills its container (does not have a definite shape) and does not have a definite volume |
How are the particles in a gas arranged? | Particles are not in any formation |
Matter | Substance that has mass and takes up space. |
Plasma | Plasma is a gas with electricity or electrons (ions)Most common state of matter in the universe |
BEC-Bose Einstein Condensate | 5th state of matter,Very cold |
Kinetic Molecular Theory | This theory explains why matter behaves as it does. All particles of matter are in constant motion. |
Absolute Zero | (-273 Celcius or 0 kelvin)- motion of molecules STOPS! |
Kinetic Energy | Energy of an object due to the motion of its particles or molecules. |
3 factors that affect gas pressure | Temperature, Volume, Number of particles |
Boyle's Law | The effects of the pressure and volume of a gas are opposite. So, if volume increases, pressure decreases. |
Charles Law | The volume of a gas increases at the same rate as the temperature of the gas. |
pressure | force over area |