Definition | Term |
Substance in which all the atoms in a sample are alike, cannot be broken down | element |
Substance made up of the chemically combined atoms of 2 or more elements | compound |
Material made up of elements or compounds that are stirred together but not chemically combined | mixture |
2 categories of mixtures | heterogenous and homogenous |
A mixture in which different materials can be easily seen, easily separated | heterogenous |
A mixture in which materials are blended evenly so the mixture is the same throughout | homogenous |
Any characteristic of a material that can be observed without changing the identify of the material itself | physical property |
Changes in the size, shape, color or state of matter | physical change |
characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a specific chemical change | chemical property |
change of a substance in a material into a new substance | chemical change |
Matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical change | Law of Conservation of Mass |
When a chemical change takes place, you end up with _______ amount of mass that you started with | the same |
ability to change or move matter | energy |
when a liquid changes to a gas | condensation |
a change that does NOT cause a change in the composisiton of a substance | physical change |
blend of 2 or more pure substances tha do not chemically combine | mixture |
2 or more liquids that are able to dissolve into each other | miscible |
2 or more liquies that do not mix into each other | immiscible |
anything tha has mass and occupies space | matter |
smallest particle that has the properties of an element | atom |
properties of a compound are ______ _____ the properties of the individual elements | different than |
2 or more atoms chemically combined | molecule |
what is the difference between a molecule and a compound? | compound has 2 elements |
shorthand way of respresenting chemcial substances, gives ratios of elements in a molecule | chemical formula |
shows the number of atomsof the element in a compoun | subscript |
shows the number of molecules | coefficient |
matter with a fixed composition and definite properties | pure substance |
all matter is made up of tiny particles in constant motion | kinetic theory ofmatter |
if the temperature increases, the motion of the particles will ___ | increase |
if the mass of the particles is increases, the motion will ____ | decrease |
what are the 4 states of matter? | solid, liquid, gas, plasma |
definite shape and volume | solid |
particles are packed closely together, vibrate and rotate in place | solid |
definite volume, no definite shape | liquid |
liquid or gas | fluid |
resistance of a liquid to flow (thickness) | viscosity |
no definite shape or volume | gas |
can exert pressure on the sides of its container | gas |
pressure can cause it to contract | gas |
gas like mixture consisting of postively and negatively charged particles | plasma |
How can you change the state of a substance? | by adding or taking away energy |
when a liquid turns into a gas at the surface, absorbs energy | Evaporation |
when a solid changes directly into a gas, absorbs energy | sublimation |
When a liquid turns into a gas below the surface, absorbs energy | boiling |
gas turns into a solid, releases energy | deposition |
The ability of a substance to combine chemically with other substances | reactivity |
The ability of a substance to combine chemically with other substances | melting point |
The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas below the surface | boiling point |
what is the boiling point of water? | 100 degrees C |
What is the freezing point of water? | 0 degrees C |
process of burning | combustion |
Process of separating liquids based on their different boiling points | distillation |
Using a screen or paper to separate a liquid from suspended solids | filtering |
Act of forming crystals (solid with rigid structure and repeating patterns) | crystallization |
mass / volume | density |
density of water | g/ml or g/cm3 |
ml = ? | cm3 |