Question | Answer |
what is a chemical reaction? | process by which the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances |
what is a reactant? | the starting substance in a chemical reaction |
what is a product? | a substance formed during a chemical reaction |
what is a chemical equation? | statement using chemical formulas to describe the identities and relative amounts of the reactants and products involved in the chemical reaction |
what is a coefficient? | the # written in front of a reactant or product |
what is the law of conservation of mass? | amount of reactants equals amount of products. matter is neither created nor destroyed |
what is a synthesis reaction? | 2 or more substances react to give a single product (A + B -> AB) |
what is a combustion reaction? | oxygen combines with a substance to release energy and light (co2 and h2o in the product) |
what is a decomposition reaction? | a single compound breaks down into 2 or more compounds (AB -> A + B) |
what is a single-replacement reaction? | atoms of one element replace the atoms of another element in a compound (A + BX -> AX + B) |
what is a double-replacement reaction? | exchange of ions between 2 compounds. metals exchange places or nonmetals exchange places (AX + BY -> AY + BX) |
what is a precipitate? | a solid that is formed in a reaction |
what is an aqueous solution? | a substance dissolved in water |
what is a solute? | sold that dissolves in water |
what is a solvent? | liquid that dissolves in the solute |
what is a complete ionic equation? | equation shows all of the ions in solution |
what is a net ionic equation? | show only ions and product involved in the equation |
what is a spectator ion? | ions that do not participate in the reaction |
what is a catalyst? | substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up. it is written above the yield sign and it lowers the activation energy |