Term | Definition |
Chemical Reactions | a process in which the physical and chemical properties of the original substances change as new substances with different chemical and physical properties are formed |
The properties and energies of the substances always change when, | a chemical reaction take place |
Reactant | substance that enters into a chemical reaction, a starting substance in a chemical reaction |
Product | a substance formed or produced by a chemical reaction |
Coefficient | the big number in front of symbols/formula |
What does the arrow mean? | yields or produces |
Exothermic | energy is given off (something that is burning or gives off light) |
Endothermic | energy is absorbed (photosynthesis or test tube gets colder) |
Activation Energy | the energy needed to form short-lived, highly energetic, extremely unstable, intermediate molecules that are rearranged to form products in the chemical reaction |
In order for a chemical reaction to occur | the reactants must have the ability to combine with substances to form products |
An atom bonds with another atom | to complete its outermost energy level |
Atoms can be | neither created nor destroyed |
Evidence Of Chemical Reaction | ~precipitate produced
~unexpected color change
~light emitted
~gas released/bubbles
~energy change
~temp increase/decrease due to absorption or release of heat |
Catalyst | substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction but is not used up in the reaction |
All metals | are singular |
Non noble gases are | diatomic |
The diatomic gases are | N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2, H2 |
How many types of basic chemical reactions are there? | 5 |
What are the five reactions? | combination (synthesis)
decomposition
single replacement
double replacement
combustion |
Synthesis | sometimes called combination, two or more simple substances combine to form a new, more complex substance |
Metallic oxides react with water | to form bases |
Decomposition | a complex substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances |
Combustion | also called an oxidation reaction |
Single Displacement | one element replaces another element in a compound |
Double Displacement | different atoms in two different compounds replace each other |
Aqueous | whenever something is dissolved in water |
Precipitate | insoluble solid that separates form solution |
Net Ionic Equation | a chemical equation that involves compounds dissolved in water |
Net Ionic Equation Shows | all the soluble ionic solutions as ions |
Spectator Ions | there are ions that do not take part in a chemical reaction and are found in solution before the reaction and after they do not participate |
Molecular | two nonmetals bonded together cannot dissociate into ions |
Ionic | metal + nonmetals contains polyatomic ions, always dissociate into ions if aqueous |