Question | Answer |
experiment | an activity in which results are observed |
trial | observation of an experiment |
outcome | a possible result of an experiment |
sample space | all possible outcomes of an experiment |
event | any set of one or more outcomes |
probability | a number from 0 to 1 (0% to 100%) that describes how likely an event is to occur |
impossible | an event that can never happen - probability is 0% |
certain | an event that is sure to happen - probability is 100% |
experimental probability | ratio of the number of times an event occurs to the total number of trials |
theoretical probability | ratio of the number of equally likely outcomes in an event to the total number of possible outcomes |
equally likely | outcomes that have the same probability |
fair | all outcomes of an experiment are equally likely |
mutually exclusive | two event that cannot occur in the same trial of an experiment |
disjoint event | two event that cannot occur in the same trial of an experiment |
compound event | an event made up of two or more simple events. |
independent event | events for which the outcome of one event does not affect the probability of the other |
tree diagram | a branching diagram that shows all possible combinations or outcomes of an event |
Fundamental Counting Principles | if one event has m possible outcomes and a second event has n possible outcomes after the first event has occured, then there are m.n total possible outcomes for the two events |
Addition Counting Principles | If one group contains m objects and a second group contains n objects, and the groups have no objects in common, then there are m+n total objects to choose from |