Term | Definition |
Atom | The smallest unit of matter |
Element | Multiple atoms of the same kind put togehter |
Compound | Multiple different atos put together. |
Heterogeneous | Sand and water in a container (can be separated) |
Mixtures | Made up of 2 different substances |
Suspension | A substance that takes a long time to separate (blood) |
Homogenous | Every atom is the same type/size (Kool-Aid) |
Methods of separation for heterogenous mixtures | filter, distillation, magnet |
Methods of separation for homogenous mixtures | a lot of other complex methods |
Method of separation for heterogenous suspension mixtures | centrifugation |
Physical change | ex: water+heat>water vapor |
chemical change | ex: Ka&H202 |
Accuracy | A measure of how close a measurement comes to the actual value of whatever is measured |
precision | a measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another |
percent error | used to determine the accuracy of measurements |
percent error equation | (|measured-theoretical| / theoretical) * 100 |
Meniscus | Low point of water's surface tension |
Purpose of using scientific notation | used to simplify #s that are too big or small to easily work with |
Alchemists | precursor to the chemist |
Processes that alchemists developed | separating mixtures, purifying chemicals |
Lavoisier | father of chemistry who designed a balance that could measure mass to the nearest 0.0005 gram |
scientific method | observe, hypothesis, experiment, analyze data, accept/reject hypothesis, publish experiment |
Difference between a theory and a law | Theory=long explanation; changeable. Law= short; equations can come from laws |
qualitative measurement | smell, touch, sight |
quantitative measurement | measurements |
Metric system | M k h da _ d c m |
Density | Intensive property that depends only on the composition of a substance, not on the size of the sample. |
Equation for density | mass/volume. ans must have the least sig figs |