Term | Definition |
biconditional | Is a statement in which both the conditional statement and it's converse are true. |
conclusion | The part of a conditional statement following the "then". |
conditional | A statement written in if-then form. |
conjecture | A conclusion you reach using inductive reasoning. |
contrapositive | Exchange and negate both the hypothesis and the conclusion of a conditional statement -q --> -p |
converse | Exchange the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement. q --> p |
counterexample | An example that shows that a conjecture is false. |
deductive reasoning | Is the process of reasoning logically from given statements, facts, definitions, or theorems to a conclusion. |
equivalent statements | Two statements that have the same truth value. |
hypothesis | The part of a conditional statement following the If. |
inductive reasoning | Reasoning based on patterns you observe. |
inverse | Negate both the hypothesis and the conclusion of a conditional statement......-p --> -q |
Law of Detatchment | Logical reasoning in which ...if the hypothesis of a true conditional is true then the conclusion must also be true. |
Law of Syllogism | Logical reasoning which...allow you to state a conclusion from TWO true conditional statements in when the conclusion of one statement is the hypothesis of the other statement. |
negation | the opposite of a statement p is ~p which is read "not p". |
proof | A convincing argument that uses deductive reasoning which shows logically why a conjecture is true. |
theorem | is a conjecture or statement that has been (or can be) proven true using deductive reasoning. |
truth value | A conditional statement can be either a true or a false statement. |
two column proof | A proof which has two columns, it gives each statement on the left and the reason for each statement on the right. |
addition property of equality | if a = b then a+c = b+c |
subtraction property of equality | if a=b then a-c=b-c |
multiplication property of equality | if a=b then ac = bc |
division property of equality | if a=b then a/c =b/c (given c does not equal 0) |
Reflexive Property | a=a |
Symmetric Property | If a=b then b=a |
Transitive Property | If a=b and b=c then a=c |
Substitution Property | If a=b then b can replace a in any expression |
Distributive Property of multiplication over addition | a(b+c) = ab + ac |