Question/term | Answer/Definition |
solubility | capacity to dissolve: a measure of one substance's ability to dissolve in a specific amount of another substance at standard temp. and pressure |
conductivity | the ability to conduct electricity: a mathematical relationship between the demintions of an object and its ability to transmit electricity |
electrolyte | compound seperable into ions in solution: a chemical compound that separates into ions in a solution |
nonelectrolyte | poor conductor of electricity: a substance that does not ionize readily in solution |
element | separate part or group: a seperate, indentifiable part of something, or a distict group with a larger group |
covalent | involving shared electrons: used to describe a chemical bond in which the attractive force between atoms is created by the sharing of electrons |
compound | a combination of two or more elements |
ionic compound | is a chemical compund in which ions are held togther in a lattice structure by ions. |
exothermic | giving off or incline of heat |
endothermic | the absorption or decline of heat. |
pH | the acidity or alkalinity of a substance |
alkaline/base | the acidity level of a substance that is higher than seven on the pH scale |
acid | any solution that has a pH rating of lower than seven |
neutral | a substance that scores a seven on the pH scale |
crystal structure | a structure you can see through the microscope or hand lense that are crystals. |
mass | a unified body of matter with no definent shape |
heat of neututralization is.... | when an acid and base are mixed |
should you have a control of an acid and a a base together? | yes |
the absorption of water is... | hydroscopic |
if you add HCl to a substance whats precipitates might you see? | mercury, lead, and silver |
when you add NaOH what might precipitate? | aluminum, barium, cadmium, calcium, lead, magnesium, strontium, and zinc |
if you add more NaOH what precipatate will dissapear? | aluminum |
efflorescence | proccess of a substance losing water of hydration from a hydrate |
carbonates give off | carbon dioxide |
carbon dioxide is | colorless and odorless |
sulfates give off | sulfur dioxide |
sulfur dioxide is | colorless and an odor like burning sulfur |
nitrites give off | nitrogen dioxide |
nitrogen dioxide is | reddish brown and has a distinct odor that you should not smell |
materials absorbing water are | hygroscopic |
neutralization | when you add hydrochloric acid to a substance and the temperature rises, meaning that a base is present |
Miscible | describes two or more liquids which will diffuse together and form a single phase. (ex. water and alcohol) |
Immiscible | describes two or more liquids that will not mix together. (ex. water and oil) |
Polar Solvent | a liquid which has polar molecules. |
Non-Polar Solvent | a liquid which has non-polar molecules |
Carbonates | ionic compounds containing the carbonate ion CO32- (ex. calcium carbonate CaCO3) |
Indicator | an acid/base indicator changes color, reversibly according to whether the solution is acidic or alkaline |
Reactants | the chemical elements or compounds that a chemical reaction starts with. |
Products | the chemical elements or compounds that are produced during the chemical reaction. |
Saturated Solution | one which will not dissolve anymore solute at a particular temperature. |
Suspension | the mixture of insoluble small solid particles in a gas or liquid. |
Colloid | a substance consisting of very small particles suspended and dipersed in a medium such as air or water. |
Coagulation | the process by which a colliodal particles come together to form large masses which can be percipitated out. |