Term | Definition |
Atom | Smallest piece of matter that has the same properties of the element it is in. |
Proton | A positive subatomic particle in the atom's nucleus. Has no charge and most of the mass. |
Neutron | A neutral subatomic particle in the atom's nucleus. Is the identify of the element and atomic number. |
Electron | A negative subatomic particle spinning outside the nucleus of the atom. |
Element | The simplest forms of matter that contain only one type of atom. |
Periodic Table of Elements | A chart that organizes all the elements by the atomic number and properties. |
Valence Electron | The electron in the outer level of an atom that causes atoms to bond together. |
Chemical Bond | An interaction that holds 2 atoms together. |
Chemical Bonding | The joining of atoms to form new substances. |
Ionic Bond | Is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom |
Ion | Charged particle or atom that gained or lost electrons |
Crystal Lattice | Repeating, 3 dimensional pattern that forms when ions bond |
Covalent Bond | The type of bond that forms when atoms share electrons instead of transferring them |
Metalic Bond | A special bond between metal ions and the electrons that swim around them |
Malleability | Metals can be pounded into thin sheets |
Ductility | Metals can be stretched and drawn into wires |
Conductivity | Electrical-Metal can conduct or carry electricity through wires
Thermal-Metal can conduct or carry heat in order to cook food |
Electron Dot Diagram | An easy way to show the valence electrons in an atom or chemical bond |
Compound | A set of elements that are chemically bonded & changed into new substances.
NaCl = salt |
Chemical Formula | A shorthand way to use chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance |
Subscript | (H20)- small number to the right of the element that shows how many atoms there are of the element |
Coefficient | The large number that multiplies atoms of the element |
Chemical Equation | Uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the products |
Reactant | A substance or molecule that starts a chemical reaction |
Product | The substance that forms as a result of a chemical reaction |
LOCOM | States that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction |
Synthesis Reaction | When two or more substances combine to create one new compound |
Decomposition Reaction | A reaction where a single compound breaks down to form 2 simpler substances |
Simple Displacement Reaction | One element replaces another element in compound leaving a new compound and 1 element |
Double Displacement Reaction | The 2 metal ions in 2 compounds switch places in chemical reactions |
Indicator | Will changes colors in the presence of an acid or a base |