Question | Answer |
Electromagnetic Radiation | a form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space. |
Wavelength | the shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave. |
Frequency | The number of waves that pass a given point per second. |
Electromagnetic spectrum | Encompasses all forms of electromagnetic radiation, with the only differences in the types of radiation being their frequencies and wavelengths. |
Amplitude | a wave's height from the origin to the crest, or from the origin to the trough. |
Quantum | the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom. |
Photoelectric Effect | electrons, called photoelectrons, are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface. |
Photon | particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy. |
Atomic Emission Spectrum | the set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of the element. |
Ground State | the lowest allowable energy states of an atom. |
de Broglie Equation | predicts that all moving particles have a wave characteristics. |
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle | states that it is fundamentally impossible to know precisely both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time. |
Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom | The atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves is called the wave mechanical model of the atom. |
Atomic Orbital | a three-dimensional region around the nucleus that describes an electrons probable location. |
Principal Quantum Number | indicates the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals. |
Electron Configuration | the arrangement of electrons in an atom. |
Aufbau Principle | states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available. |
Pauli Exclusion Principle | states that a maximum of 2 electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital. |
Hund's Rule | states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spin can occupy the same orbitals. |
Electron-Dot Structure | consists of the element's symbol, which represents the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons, surrounded by dots representing the atoms valence electrons. |