Term | Definition |
solution | a homogeneous mixture that will not separate |
suspension | a mixture in which some of the particles settle out slowly upon standing |
solute | the dissolved particles in a solution; the part of the solution smaller in amount |
solvent | the dissolving medium in a solution; the part of the solution larger in amount |
mixture | a blend of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
alloy | a mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal |
emulsion | a nonpolar substance held in suspension in a polar substance by a molecule that has both a polar and nonpolar end |
electrolyte | a solution that will conduct electricity |
non-electrolyte | a substance that will not conduct electricity when put in solution because it does not form ions |
surfactant | a substance that interferes with the hydrogen bonding between water molecules and reduces surface tension |
homogeneous mixture | a mixture that is uniform in composition, mixed evenly throughout |
heterogeneous mixture | a mixture that is not uniform in composition, not mixed evenly throughout |
miscible | two liquids that dissolve in each other in all proportions |
immiscible | two liquids that do not dissolve in each other |
solubility | the amount of substance that will dissolve in a given amount of solute at a specific temperature and pressure |
insoluble | a substance that will not dissolve in a solute is said to be _________ |
saponifiation | the process of making soap |
saturated solution | a solution in which the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve has been added to the solute |
unsaturated solution | a solution in which less than the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve has been added to the solute |
supersaturated solution | a temporary condition in which a solution contains more solute than the standard amount at a given temperature |
colligative properties | properties that depend only upon the number of solute particles present |
freezing point depresssion | the difference in temperature between the freezing point of the pure solvent and the freezing point of the solution (the solution will be lower) |
colloid | a heterogeneous mixture that will not settle out when you stop stirring it |
molarity | a measurement of the concentration of a solution (moles of solute per liter of solution) |
parts per million | a way of expressing very dilute concentrations of substance; one part solute in 1 million parts of the solution |
molality | a measurement of the concentration of a solution (moles of solute per kilogram of solvent) |
percent by weight | a measurement of the concentration of a component in a mixture; the mass of a component divided by the total mass of the mixture, multiplied by 100%. |
boiling point elevation | the difference in temperature between the boiling point of the pure solvent and the boiling point of the solution (the solution will be higher) |
concentration | a measure of the amount of solute that is dissolved in a given quantity of solvent |
aqueous solution | a solution made by dissolving a solute in water |
soluble | a substance that will dissolve in a solute is said to be _________ |