Term | Definition |
Molecule | The smallest unit of a compound that still maintains the properties of that compound. |
Compound | two or more atoms chemically combined |
Equilibrium | a state in which a molecule is evenly spread out |
Endocytosis | he active transport of large molecules through the cell membrane. The membrane surrounds the material and forms a package that enters the cell. |
Atomic Number | The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom |
Protein | compounds made up of amino acids that are used to build cell parts and control chemical reactions in the body |
Element | a specific type of atom with a certain number of subatomic particles and specific properties |
Facilitated Diffusion | The diffusion of glucose by a way of carrier proteins in the cell membrane (moving glucose) |
Neutron | a subatomic particle with no charge |
Atom | the building block of matter |
Organic Compound | Any compound with hydrogen and carbon |
Carbohydrate | compound that is a primary source of energy |
Electron | A subatomic particle with negative charge |
Inorganic Compound | any compound that does not contain carbon |
Active Transport | the movement of materials that requires cell to use energy |
Proton | subatomic particle with a positive charge |
Selective Permeability/ Semipermeable | The membrane that allows some things but not all things do |
Atomic Mass | The number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
Exocytosis | The movement of large molecules out of the cell. The Golgi bodies package proteins that are removed from the cell by this process. |
Lipids | compounds that break down to store large amounts of energy |
Passive Transport | The movement of molecules that does not require the cell to use its own energy |
Osmosis | the diffusion of water |
Diffusion | when molecules go from a higher concentration to a lower concentartion |
Enzyme | protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body |
Nucleic Acids | compounds that store information |
Monosaccharide | one sugar (carbohydrate) |
Disaccharide | two sugars (carbohydrate) |
Polysaccharide | three or more sugars (carbohydrate) |
Amino Acid | base unit; amnio acid chain- polypeptide |
Peptide | one protein |
dipeptide | two protiens |
polypeptide | three or more proteins |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid original blueprint |
RNA | Ribonucleic acid; copy of blueprint |
hydrolysis | adding water to break down a compound |
hypertonic | causes the water to leave the cell |
hypotonic (hippo) | causes the water to enter the cell |
isotonic | causes the water and the solution to be equilibrium; no net movement |
dehydration synthesis | take out water to build |
maltose | glucose+glucose |
sucrose | glucose+fructose |
lactose | glucose+galactose |