Term | Definition |
Suspension | A solution that will settle out if left undisturbed, but is not homogeneous. |
Colloid | A solution that will not settle out. |
Brownian Motion | Random movements of colloid particles |
Tyndall Effect | Shining a light through a solution- if the light disperses then the solution is a colloid. |
Soluble | Dissolves in solvent |
Miscible | two substances dissolve in each other |
Insoluble | Does not dissolve in in solvent |
Immiscible | two substances that don't dissolve in each other |
Concentration | how much solute solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution |
Molarity | number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution. (molar concentration) ( moles of solute/ Liters of solution) |
Molality | moles of solute dissolved in one Kg of solvent, ratio. (moles solute/ Kg solvent) |
Mole fraction | ratio of moles of solute to moles of solution |
Solvation | surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution. |
Heat of solution | overall energy change that occurs during the process of creating a solution |
Unsaturated solution | less dissolved solute, has capacity to hold more solute. |
Saturated solution | maximum amount of of dissolved solute |
Supersaturated solution | more dissolved solute than saturated solution at same temperature and pressure. |
Henry's Law | At a given temp. the solubility of the gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid. |
Colligative property | Physical property of a solution dependent on the number of dissolved solute particles. |
Vapor pressure lowering | lowering of vapor pressure of a solvent by adding a solute that does not evaporate. |
Boiling point elevation | Temp difference between solution's boiling point and pure solvent's boiling point |
Freezing point depression | Temp difference between solution's freezing point and pure solvent's freezing point. |
Osmosis | Diffusion of solvent particles across semipermeable membrane from high concentration to low concentration. |
Osmotic pressure | pressure caused by osmosis |
Vapor pressure | pressure exerted by a vapor over a liquid |
Phase diagram | |