Question | Answer |
Valence Electrons? | Electrons in the outermost shell energy level of any atom. |
Periodic Table Groups? | Columns - top to bottom |
Atoms with the same # of valence electrons also have... | ...similar properties. |
Ion? | An atom with an electrical charge. |
Cation? | A positively charged ion. |
Anion? | A negatively charged ion. |
How does an atom become a Cation? | It loses one or more electrons (negative charges.) |
How does an atom become an Anion? | It gains one or more electrons (negative charges.) |
Which elements' atoms tend to become Cations? | Those with 4 or less Valence electrons. |
What elements' atoms tend to become Anions? | Those elements with 4 or more Valence electrons. |
What type of elements tend to become Cations? | Metals |
What type of elements tend to become Anions? | Non-metals & Noble Gases. |
What type of elements form Ionic Compounds? | Metals + Non-metals |
What is a Polyatomic Ion? | Atoms of 2 or more elements held together (bonded) by the attraction of positive & negative charges on an atomic level with an overall electrical charge. |
What does the prefix "poly" mean? | many |
What is an Ionic Compound? | Atoms of two or more elements held together (bonded) by the attractive forces between positive and negative electrical charges. A compound made up of Cations + Anions. |
What is a Molecular Compound? | Atoms from two or more elements structurally held together (bonded) by the sharing of electrons. |
What types of elements make Moelcular Compounds? | Non-metals + Non-metals. |
Covalent bond? | When two atoms share a pair of electrons. |
What does the prefix "co" mean? | Shared between two or more. i.e. cooperation, coop, coordination. |
What is a Polar Covalent Bond? | Unequal sharing of a pair of electrons resulting in one atom in the compound having slightly more negative charge. |
What does the Stairstep divide on the Periodic Table divide? | Mostly Metals on the left from Non-metals on the right. |
What is the Octet Rule? | That atoms become stable when their outermost shell energy level is full with 8 electrons. |
What does the prefix "oct" mean? | 8 |
Ionic or Molecular compounds? High boiling & melting points. | Ionic Compounds. |
Ionic or Molecular compounds? Good conductivity of electricity. | Ionic Compounds. |
Ionic or Molecular compounds? Molecular Formula. | Molecular Compounds. |
Ionic or Molecular compounds? Metals + Non-metals. | Ionic Compounds. |
Ionic or Molecular compounds? State of matter - Crystalline Solids. | Ionic Compounds. |
Ionic or Molecular compounds? Chemical Formula - Formula Unit. | Ionic Compounds. |
Ionic or Molecular compounds? Bonded by shared electrons. | Molecular Compounds. |
Hydrocarbons? | Large molecules made up of Hydrogen & Carbon, essential to life. |
Alkanes? | Chain of Carbons surrounded by Hydrogens. |
Alkanes & Alkenes? | Branching Hydrocarbons. |
Alkenes? | Branching Hydrocarbons with double bonded Carbons. |
Arenes? | Rings or groups of rings of Carbons. |
Organic Chemistry? | The study of compounds containing Carbon...the chemistry of living things. |