Question | Answer |
E2 Dehydrohalogenation to Alkene | Base (sterically hindered) |
E2 Debromination to Alkene | NaI, acetone |
E1 Dehydrohalogenation to Alkene | Base (weaker base) |
Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkene | H2SO4, H20 |
Dehydrogenation to Alkene | Heat, Pt |
Alkene Markovnikov Ionic Addition | H-Br |
Alkene Free Radical Anti-markovnikov addition | ROOR, H-Br |
Alkene Hydration Markovnikov | H2SO4, H20 |
Alkene Markovnikov Hydration (Anti) | Hg(OAc)2, H20, NaBH4 |
Alkene anti-Markovnikov Hydration (syn) | BH3THF, H202, NaOH |
Alkene Halogenation (anti) | Br-Br |
Alkene Halohydrins Markovnikov (anti) | Br-Br, H2O |
Alkene Catalytic Hydrogenation (syn) | Pt, H2 |
Alkene Cyclopropane Synthesis | CH2I2, Zn(Cu) |
Alkene Cyclopropane Alpha Elimination | CHBr3, KOH/H2O |
Alkene Epoxidation | MCPBA (or RCO3H) |
Alkene Acid-Catalyzed Opening of Epoxides | H2SO4, H2O |
Alkene Syn Dihydroxylation | OsO4 + H2O2 (or KMnO4 + H2O, NaOH) |
Oxidative Cleavage | KMnO4 + heat, concentration (or O3 + Dimethyl Sulfide) |
Polymerization (Cationic) | H2SO4 |
Polymerization (Free Radical) | ROOR |
Polymerization (Anionic) | NaOH |
Alkyne (to extract H) | NaNH2 |
Alkyne Synthesis (internal) | KOH, 200 degrees |
Alkyne Synthesis (terminal) | NaNH2, 150 degrees, H2O |
Alkyne to Alkane | H2, Pt |
Alkyne Hydrogenation to cis Alkene | H2, Pt, BaSO4, quinoline (Lindlar's catalyst) |
Alkyne to trans Alkene | Na/NH3 (free radical mechanism) |
Alkyne halogen addition | Br-Br |
Alkyne Markovnikov hydrohalide | H-Br |
Alkyne to Ketone (Markovnikov) | HgSO4, H2SO4, H2O |
Alkyne to Aldehyde (Anti-markovnikov) | HBSia2, H2O2, NaOH, H2O |
Alkyne to Diketones | KMnO4, H2O, neutral |
Alkyne to Carboxylic Acids | KMnO4 (with H2O, NaOH, heat) or O3 + H2O |