Question | Answer |
Physical Properties | Characteristics that are observed or measured w/o changing composition |
Extensive Property | Phys. prop. that is dep. upon the amount or substances present(volume, mass, length) |
Intensive Property | Phys. Prop indep. upon amount present(density,melt. pt., boil pt.) |
Physical Change | Change in substance resulting in dif. appear. but not in chem comp.(breaking a crystal) |
Chem Change/Reaction | process that involves 1 or more substances changing into new subs(words that describe, decay,grow ripen) |
What does chem reaction involve? | rearrangement of atoms |
Reactants | starting substances on the left of equation |
Products | Subs formed during reaction on right of equation |
Law of conservation and matter | in chem reaction atoms are neither created nor desroyed |
Synthesis Reaction | involves 2 or more subs reacting to form a single compound
A+B-->AB |
Decomposition Reaction | reverse of synth reaction; reaction in which a compound breaks down into 2 or more subs
ex:
AB-->A+B |
Combustion Reaction | when sub reacts w/ Oxygen to produce energy in the form of heat and light |
Single Replacement/Displacement | reaction where one element takes the place of another element in a compound
ex:
AX+BX-->AX+B |
Double Replacement Reaction | is an exchange of ions between 2 compound which produces a precipitate(solid produced during reaction) a gas or water
ex:
AX+BY-->AY+BX |
Precipitation Reaction | formation of a solid |
Dissociate/Seperate | When an ionic compound dissolves in water and move around indep. making a solution a good conductor if electric |
Strong electrolyte | sub that dissolves in h20 by dissociating completely into ins |
Soluble Solid | readily dissolves in water |
Insoluble Solid | slightly dissolves into water to a very insignificant degree |
Molecular Equations | show complete undisociated forms of all reactants and products |
Complete ionic equation | denotes all strong electrolytes as ions |
spectator ions | ions that don't participate in a reaction; are not present |
Acid | tastes sour- fruit |
Base | Slippery- soap |
Arrhenius Acid | produces H+ ions (protons) when dissolved in water |
Arrhenius Base | sub that pro hydroxide ions(OH-) when dissolves in H2O |
What do acid-base reactions form? | Water |
Reducing Agent/ Oxidizing Agent | OA- sub that's reduced
RA-sub that is oxidized |
Oxidation Number method | technique for balancing red-ox equations based on total increase in oxidation numbers resulting from oxidation must = the total decrease in oxidation numbers resulting from reduction |