| Question | Answer |
| molecular polarity | a net imbalance of charge over an entire molecule |
| polarity depends on | bonds, shape, orientation |
| 6 intermolecular forces (strongest -> weakest) | 1) ion-dipole
2) H-bonds
3) Dipole-dipole
4) Ion-induced dipole
5) Dipole-induced dipole
6) Dispersion |
| Polarity and boiling point | As polarity increases, so does boiling (& melting) point |
| particle motion assumption (2) (kinetic molecular theory) | -constant, random, straight-line motion (until collision)
-distribution of speeds |
| particle collisions assumption (3) (kinetic molecular theory) | -collisions exchange kinetic energy
-total kinetic energy is constant (Ek)
-between collisions, molecules don't influence each other |
| particle volume assumption (3) (kinetic molecular theory) | -large collection of molecules
-particles have mass but no volume
-volume of gas=volume of container |
| at the temperature b/w substances... | Ek is constant |
| ___mm Hg (or torr) = 1 atm | 760 |
| P is prop. to | (n)(T)/(V) |
| Dalton's law of partial pressures | in a mixture, the total pressure = sum of pressures of gases |
| exception to ideal gas law | at high pressure, IM forces lower the pressure |
| Molarity | Moles of solute/L solution |
| polarizability (pattern) | the more dispersion, the more susceptible an atom is to induced polarization (larger atoms) |
| does NOT change during reactions (3) | mass, #atoms, types of atoms, |
| DOES change during reactions (4) | types of molecules, # of bonds, total moles, pressure |
| electrolyte | charged particles that can move (& conduct electricity) |
| molecular speeds of heavier particles | steep graphs |
| during H-bonding, NOF need ____ | lone pairs! |
| polarizability (definition) | how easily an electron cloud can be distorted |
| dispersion force (definition) | the intermolecular force responsible for the condensed states of nonpolar substances |
| molecular speeds of lighter particles | long graphs |
