Question | Answer |
Law of Mass Conservation | Matter cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change form |
Qualitative measurement | A measurement that doesn't need to be exact |
Quantitative measurement | A measurement that needs to be as exact as possible |
Element | Any substance that cannot be decomposed into less massive substances |
Compounds | Substances that can be decomposed into elements by chemical means |
Law of Definite Proportions | The proportion of elements in any compound is always the same |
Law of Multiple Proportions | If two elements combine to form different compounds, the ratio of masses of the second element that react with a fixed mass of the first element will be a simple, whole-number ratio |
Dalton's Atomic Theory - point | 1 |
Dalton's Atomic Theory - point | 2 |
Dalton's Atomic Theory - point | 3 |
Dalton's Atomic Theory - point | 4 |
Ionic compounds contain ... | ... at least one metal atom and at least one nonmetal atom |
Ionic compounds ... | ... conduct electricity when dissolved in water |
Covalent compounds contain .... | ... only nonmetal atoms |
Covalent compounds ... | ... do NOT conduct electricity when dissolved in water |
Naming ionic compounds | 1. Start with the name of the first atom in the molecule
2. Take the next atom and replace its ending with an "ide" |
Naming covalent compounds | Use prefixes in front of the name of each atom in the compound, omitting any "mono" from the first atom |
Mono | One |
Di | Two |
Tri | Three |
Tetra | Four |
Penta | Five |
Hexa | Six |
Hepta | Seven |
Octa | Eight |
Nona | Nine |
Deca | Ten |
Hydrogen | H |
Helium | He |
Lithium | Li |
Beryllium | Be |
Boron | B |
Carbon | C |
Nitrogen | N |
Oxygen | O |
Fluorine | F |
Neon | Ne |
Sodium | Na |
Magnesium | Mg |
Aluminum | Al |
Silicon | Si |
Phosphorus | P |
Sulfur | S |
Chlorine | Cl |
Argon | Ar |
Potassium | K |
Calcium | Ca |