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cardiovascular
Term | Definition |
---|---|
cardiovascular | pertaining to the heart and blood vessels |
blood vessels | hollow tubes or ducts that transport blood |
arteries | blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood |
arterioles | small arteries |
veins | blood that transport deoxygenated blood |
venules | small veins |
capillaries | microscopic arteries and veins |
respiration | exchange of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood |
lumen | diameter of every blood vessel |
diameter | distance across the center of a circle |
vasodilation | expansion in the lumen of the arteries |
hypotension | low blood pressure |
vasoconstriction | narrowing in the lumen of the arteries |
hypertension | high blood pressure |
cardiac organ | heart, muscular pump |
thoracic cavity | chest space |
mediastinum | from lateral view, the heart is located between the sternum and thoracic vertebrae |
vertebrae | spinal column or back bones |
pericardium | pertaining to the membranous sac around the heart |
membranous | lining |
epicardium | pertaining to the outer layer of the heart |
myocardium | pertaining to the muscle layer of the heart |
endocardium | pertaining to the inner layer of the heart |
superior and inferior vena cava | largest veins that transport deoxygenated blood from the bodys upper and lower portions to the heart |
right atrium | superior upper right chamber of the heart and contains deoxygenated blood |
tricuspid valve | a one way structure from the right atrium to the right ventricle |
cusp | flaps |
valvular regurgitations | back flow |
ausculation | listening with a stethoscope |
chordae tendineae | strands of tendons that anchor the tricuspid valve cusps preventing prolapse |
prolapse | drooping or sagging |
right ventricle | inferior right chamber that contains deoxygenated blood |
chamber | enclosed space |
pulmonary trunk | sends doxygenated blood to the lungs |
pulmonary semilunar valve | a one way structure at the entrance of the pulmonary trunk |
pulmonary | lungs |
R + L pulmonary arteries | transport deoxygenated blood to the lungs |
pulmonary veins | oxygenated blood is transported from the lungs to the heart through these blood vessels |
left atrium | superior left cardiac chamber that contains oxygenated blood |
bicuspid valve or mitral valve | a one way structure that transports oxygenated blood to the left ventricle |
left ventricle | inferior left chamber that contains oxygenated blood |
aorta | largest artery |
ascending thoracic aorta | first section of the aorta that goes upwards through the chest cavity |
aortic arch | second section of the aorta curves at the apex |
apex | top |
descending thoracic aorta | third section of the aorta that goes downward through the chest cavity |
abdominal aorta | fourth section of the aorta located between the thorax and pelvis |
thorax | chest |
pelvis | hips |
interatrial septum | the wall between the atria |
atria | superior chambers of the heart |
interventricular septum | the wall between the ventricles |
ventricles | the inferior chambers of the heart |
carotid arteries | vessels that branch off the aoritc arch and transport oxygenated blood to the cerebrum (brain) |
coronary arteries | vessels that transport oxygenated blood to the myocardium |
subclavian arteries | vessles transport oxygenated blood to the arms and superior thorax |
mesenteric arteries | vessels that transport oxygenated blood to the intestines |
phrenic arteries | vessels that transport oxygenated blood to the diaphragm |
diaphragm | primary muscle of ventilation aka breathing |
iliac arteries | arteries in the pelvis and superior legs (thighs) |
femoral arteries | arteries in the inferior legs |
jugular veins | `vessels that transport deoxygenated blood from the the head to the superior vena cava |
saphenous veins | vessels that transport deoxygenated blood from the inferior legs |