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AICP Housing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| First Tenement was built in NYC in what year? | 1855 |
| The 1867 Tenement House Law did what? | Required new tenement building to provide a narrow air shaft between adjacent structures, windows, two toilets, and windows. |
| Jacob Riis book and year | How the other half lives- 1890 |
| Public Works Administration (PWA) did what and when was it created? | Helped build housing, was the first federally supported public housing program. 1934 |
| 1934 National Housing Act | Created Federal Housing Administration whose purpose was to insure home mortgages |
| Resettlement Administration, what year? and what did it do? | 1935 - used new deal funds to build new greenbelt towns. Rexford Tugwell |
| 1937 Housing Act | "Wagner - Steagall Act" - $500 million in loans for development of low cost housing from the Feds to local housing authorities. - led to clearance of slums |
| Servicemans Readjustment Act, year | -1944 - GI bill guaranteed home loans to vets, led to rapid development of suburbs |
| 1949 Housing Act | - First comprehensive housing bill, called for the construction of 800,000 new housing units emphasized on slum clearance. - Truman's "Fair Deal" - Focused on urban redevelopment. |
| 1954 Housing Act | - Provided money for cities under 25,000 - focused on urban renewal |
| 1959 Housing Act | - Federal matching funds for comp planning at all levels |
| 1961 Housing Act | - Money to organizations building housing projects for others to rent |
| What act formed HUD and in what year? | Was formed through the Housing and Urban Development ACT in 1965 |
| Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act | - 1966 model cities program - financial incentives for coordinated metro area planning. - helped to ensure that federal grant money was being spent on the right projects. |
| 1968 Housing and Urban Development Act | - 6 million subsidized housing units |
| Civil Rights Act/ Fair Housing Act | - deemed racial discrimination in the sale or rental of housing illegal - 1968 |
| Miami Valley Regional Planning Commission (1970) | - Ohio - Housing plan that called for low and moderate income housing allocated on a fair share basis |
| 1972 Pruitt- Igoe | - Project was demolished in St. Louis - Shift away from high rise public housing - death of "modern" architecture |
| 1974 Housing and Community Development Act | - created CDBG program - Communities use funds to improve blighted area - Created Section 8 |
| 1974 National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Act | - Regulates manufactured homes - Prohibits local municipalities from regulating manufactured homes |
| 1977 Urban development Action Grant Program (UDAG) | - Public-Private Partnerships for redevelopment of urban areas |
| 1990 National Affordable Housing Act | - Creates HOME program (funds for housing rehab) |
| Hope VI | - 1992 - Revelopment of distressed public housing (Chicago taylor homes) - Mixed income housing used to revitalize gvt. |
| Consolidated Plan | - Community identifies housing, homeless, and community development needs. - Must be completed by a community to receive federal funds from housing. |
| Homestead Act | - 1862 - Freehold title to 160 acres of undeveloped land outside of the original 13 colonies. - 1.6 million homesteads granted between 1862 and 1986 - Privatized 10% of all land in the US |
| Robert Moses | - NYC urban renewal - Roads, bridges, highway, etc - Built housing including Stuyvesant town in Brooklyn - Scorned revitalization |
| Federal National Mortgage Association | - Fannie Mae chartered by congress in 1968 - Purchase and securitize mortgages in order to ensure that funds are consistently available to the institutions that lend money to home buyers. |
| Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation | - Freddie Mac - Expand the secondary market for mortgages in the US - Buys mortgages on the secondary market, pools them, and sells them as mortgage-backed securities to investors on the open market. |
| FHFA | Federal Housing and Finance Agency |
| Conservatorship | - Subjected to the legal control of an external entity or organization, Fannie Mae and Feddie Mac are in the conservatorship of FHFA |
| CDBG | - Funds local community development activities, such as affordable housing, anti-poverty programs, and infrastructure development. - Subject to less federal oversight and used at the discretion of the state and local gvt. |
| Section 8 | - Voucher program for low income families and individuals - Tenants pay about 30% of their income towards rent, Fed pays rest |
| HOME | - Formula grants to states and localities that communities use to fund activities that build, buy, or rehab affordable housing for rent - Provide direct rental assistance to low-income people |
| ROSS | - Resident opportunities for self sufficiency - Links public housing residents with public services - Seniors and people with disabilities |
| Empowerment Zone Program | - Renewal Communities (RCs) - Empowerment Zones (EZs) - Enterprise Communities (ECs) - Communities who may be eligible for grants/ tax credits for businesses, bonding authority, and other benefits. |
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