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Forensic Fire 123
Describing Conbustion Reactions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define the term Ignition source | Any process or event capable of causing a fire or explosion. Open flames, sparks, static electricity, and hot surfaces are all possible ignition sources |
| Define the term Flame | The zone of burning gases and fine suspended matter associated with rapid combustion; a hot, glowing mass of burning gas or vapor. |
| Define the term pyrolysis | Decomposition or transformation of a compound caused by heat |
| Define the term heat of combustion | The amount of heat released per unit mass or unit volume of a substance when the substance is completely burned |
| Define the term flash point | The Flash Point is the minimum temperature at which the liquid produces a sufficient concentration of vapour above it that it forms an ignitable mixture with air. |
| Define the term fire point | The fire point of a fuel is the temperature at which it will continue to burn for at least 5 seconds after ignition by an open flame. |
| Define the term auto-ignition temperature | The autoignition temperature or kindling point of a substance is the lowest temperature at which it will spontaneously ignite in a normal atmosphere without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark. ... |
| Define the term limits of flammability | Ignition of fuel vapour and air is only possible within certain limits (ie; the ratio of the mixture). The resulting flame will be pre-mixed and the concepts of 'limits of flammability' applies only to pre-mixed flames. ... |
| Define the term heat release rate (HRR) | the rate at which heat is generated by fire. The HRR can be viewed as the engine driving the fire. This tends to occur in a positive-feedback way: heat makes more heat. |
| define the term toxic fumes | Often, fumes. any smokelike or vaporous exhalation from matter or substances, especially of an odorous or harmful nature: tobacco fumes; noxious fumes of carbon monoxide. |
| Define the term self heating fire | Ignition of a substance, such as oily rags or hay, caused by a localized heat-increasing reaction between the oxidant and the fuel and not involving addition of heat from an outside source |
| Define the term glowing and smouldering combustion | Glowing combustion is the phase of combustion when only embers are visible. Glowing combustion refers to the process of surface oxidation of solids occurring in the final stage of the smoldering process. |
| Define the term self ignition | when an oily rag can get so hot from the sunlight that is combusts and sets alight by itself. |
| Define the term fuel controlled combustion | In controlled combustion, the rate of the fuel conversion process is varied by imposing prescribed initial conditions leading to potential reductions in irreversibilities in energy conversion and to reduced emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases |
| Define the term ventilation controlled combustion | a fire where the fire growth is determined by the amount of air available. A ventilation-controlled fire occurs when there is not enough air to burn all the materials being pyrolyzed. |
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VickyClayton
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