Nervous System term+ Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Afferent | Carry or move inward or toward a central structure |
CNS | Central Nervous System; network of nervous tissue found in the brain & spinal cord |
Efferent | Carry or move away from a central structure |
Ventricle | Chamber or cavity of an organ that receives or holds a fluid |
PNS | Peripheral Nervous System; All nervous tissue located outside of the spinal column & skull. Consists of 12pairs of cranial nerves&31pairs of spinal nerves.Subdivided into Somatic&Autonomic nervous system. |
Nervous system consists of 2 main divisions they are | Central nervous system & Peripheral nervous system |
The brain has 4 major structures they are | Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Diencephalon, Brainstem |
Cerebrum | Largest & uppermost part of the brain.Used for sensory perception,interpretation,language,memory,voluntary movement&emotional aspects of behaviour.Consisting of 2 hemispheres divided by a deep longitudinal fissure or groove. |
Corpus Callosum | joins the 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum together, permitting communication between the right & left sides of the brain. |
5 lobes | Frontal,Parietal,temporal,Occipital & Insula |
Gyri | Numerous folds or convolutions on the cerebral surface |
Sulci | Separates the Gyri by furrows or fissures |
Cerebral Cortex | A thin layer that covers the entire cerebrum and is compose of gray matter. |
Cerebellum | Second largest structure.All functions of the cerebellum involve movement. Also aids in maintaining equilibrium and balance. |
Diencephalon | also called interbrain. Composed of many smaller structures,including Thalamus & Hypothalamus. |
Thalamus | receives all sensory stimuli except olfactory & processes & transmits them to the appropriate centers in the cerebral cortex. receives impulses from the cerebrum & relays them to efferent nerves. |
Hypothalamus | regulates activities of the Autonomic Nervous System(ANS)including impulses that regulate heartbeat,body temp & fluid balance. Also controls many endocrine functions |
Brainstem | composed of 3 major structures;Midbrain(Mesencephalon),Medulla,Pons.Pathway for impulse conduction between brain&spinal cord. Origin of 10outof 12 pairs of cranial nerves.Controls respirations,blood pressure&heart rate. Sometimes called the Primary brain. |
Midbrain(Mesencephalon) | Separates the cerebrum from the brainstem |
Medulla | Attaches to the spinal cord |
Pons | connecting the midbrain to the medulla. |
Spinal Cord | transmits sensory impulses from the body to the brain&motor impulses from the brain to muscles&organs of the body.Within the spinal cavity of the vertebral column. |
Ascending tracts | Sensory nerve tracts. Direction of impulse is UPWARD. |
Descending tracts | Motor nerve tracts. Carry impulses in a downward direction to muscles and organs |
Meninges | Protection for the spinal cord. Dura Mater(outermost covering;brain&spinal cord),Arachnoid(Middle covering),Pia Mater(innermost layer) |
Dura Mater | Outermost covering of the brain&spinal cord. Tough, fibrous,dense&composed primarily of connective tissue.Due to thickness also called;Pachymeninges.Beneath is a cavity called the subdural space which is filled with serous fluid. |
Arachnoid | Middle covering. Spider web appearance.Acts as shock absorber. fits loosely over the underlying structures. |
Subarachnoid space | has cerebrospinal fluid that has protein,glucose,urea,salts&some white blood cells. provides nutritive substances for central nervous system&adds additional protection for the brain&spinal cord. |
Pia Mater | Innermost covering. Directly adheres to the brain&spinal cord.As it passes over the brain it follows the contours of Gyri&Sulci. Contains blood vessels&lymphatics that nourish the underlying tissues. Pia+Arachnoid=Leptomeninges because they are so thin. |
Somatic Nervous System (SNS) | Nerve fibers that transmit sensory info to the brain&spinal cord&nerve fibers that transmit impulses from brain&spinal cord to muscles under conscious or voluntary control such as those for walking & talking. |
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) | Nerves that control involuntary movement;digestion,heart contraction&vasoconstriction. Also regulates secretions by glands.Subdivided into Sympathetic&Parasympathetic divisions. |
Sympathetic ANS | generally produces responses evident in 'fightorflight' situations. responds when immediate action is required. Blood flow increases in skeletal muscles to prepare an individual to either fight or retreat. |
Parasympathetic ANS | Generally responds when immediate action is not required or threatening situation subsides. |
Cranial Nerves | originate at the base of the brain&emerge through openings in the base of the skull.May be sensory,motor or mixture of both. |
Sensory Nerves | Afferent. Receive impulses from the sense organs, eyes,ears,nose,tongue&skin & transmits them to the CNS |
Motor Nerves | Conduct impulses to muscles & glands. Some cranial nerves are composed of both sensory&motor fibers (mixed nerves ex.facial nerve) |
Spinal Nerve | Emerge from the intervertabral spaces in the spinal column&exit from the spinal canal between the vertebrae&extend to various parts of the body.Each with2points of attachment to the spinal cord. All 31pairs of spinal nerves are mixed nerves. |
Anterior(Ventral) Root | Contains motor fibers. This root & the Posterior(Dorsal) Root unite to form the spinal nerve that has both afferent&efferent qualities. |
Posterior(Dorsal) Root | Contains sensory fibers. This root and the Anterior(Ventral) Root unite to form the spinal nerve that has both afferent&efferent qualities. |
cerebr/o | Cerebrum |
Crani/o | Cranium (skull) |
Dendr/o | Tree |
Encephal/o | Brain |
Gangli/o | Ganglion |
Gli/o | Glue;Neuroglia tissue |
Kinesi/o | Movement |
Lept/o | Thin,Slender |
Lex/o | word,phrase |
Mening/o OR Meningi/o | Meninges |
Myel/o | Bone marrow;spinal cord |
Narc/o | Stupor;numbness;sleep |
Neur/o | Nerve |
Radicul/o | Nerve Root |
Sthen/o | Strength |
Thalam/o | Thalamus |
Thec/o | Sheath |
Ton/o | Tension |
Ventricul/o | Ventricle |
-algesia | pain |
-algia | pain |
-asthenia | Weakness,debility |
-esthesia | feeling |
-kinesia | Movement |
-lepsy | seizure |
-paresis | partial paralysis |
-phasia | Speech |
-plegia | Paralysis |
-taxia | Order,Coordination |
pachy- | Thick |
para- | Near,Beside,Beyond |
Syn- | Union,Together,Joined |
Uni- | One |
AD | Alzheimer Disease |
ADHD | Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
ICP | Intracranial Pressure |
LOC | Loss Of Consciousness |
ALS | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
LP | Lumbar Pressure |
ANS | Autonomic Nervous System |
MRA | Magnetic Resonance Angiogram |
BEAM | Brain Electrical Activity Mapping |
MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
CNS | Central Nervous System |
MS | Multiple Sclerosis |
CP | Cerebral Palsy |
NCV | Nerve Conduction Velocity |
CSF | Cerebrospinal Fluid |
PET | Positron Emission Tomography |
CT | Computed Tomography |
PNS | Peripheral Nervous System |
CVA | Cerebrovascular Accident |
SNS | Sympathetic Nervous System |
EEG | Ectroencephalography |
TIA | Transient Ischemic Attack |
EMG | Electromyography |
Agnosia | Inability to comprehend auditory,visual,spatial sensations |
Herpes Zoster | Painful,acute infectious disease; aka shingles |
Trephination | Circular opening cut into the skull to relieve pressure |
Asthenia | Weakness,debility or loss of strength |
Aura | Premonitory awareness of an approaching disorder |
Neurosis | Non-psychotic mental illness |
T4 | 4th thoracic vertebrae |
C1 | 1st Cervical vertebrae |
Created by:
Brittanyyy
Popular Medical sets