Common gait deviatio Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Lateral trunk bending (Trendelenburg gait) | the result of weak gluteus medius; will see bending to the same side as the weakness |
Backward trunk lean | the result of weak gluteus maximus; will also see difficulty going up stairs or ramps. |
Forward trunk lean | the result of weak quadriceps (decreases flexor movement at the knee), hip and knee flexion contractures. |
Excessive hip flexion | the result of weak hip extensors or tight hip and/or knee flexors. |
Limited hip extension | the result of tight or spastic hip flexors. |
Limited hip flexion | the result of weak hip flexors or tight extensors. |
Abnormal synergistic activity (stance phase) | (e.g. stroke) excessive hip adduction combined with hip and knee extension, plantarflexion; scissoring or addcuted gait pattern. |
Antalgic gait | (painful gait) stance time is abbreviated on the painful limb; the uninvolved limb has a shortened step length since it must bear weight sooner than normal. |
Excessive knee flexion | the result of weak quadriceps (knee wobbles or buckles) or knee flexion contracture. |
Knee hyperextension | the result of a weak quadriceps, plantar flexion contracture, or extensor spasticity (quadriceps and/or plantar flexion) |
Toe first (toe contact at heel strike) | the result of weak dorsiflexors, spastic or tight plantarflexors; may also be caused by a shortened leg; painful heel; or positive support reflex. |
Positive support reflex | toe first |
Foot slap | the foot makes floor contact with audible slap; the result of weak dorsiflexors or hypotonia; compensated for with steppage gait. |
Foot flat | entire foot contacts ground; the result of weak dorsiflexors, limited range of motion; immature gait pattern (neonatal). |
Calcaneous gait | excessive dorsiflexion with uncontrolled forward motion of the tibia; the result of weak plantarflexors. |
Equinus gait | excessive plantarflexion; heel does not touch the ground; the result of spasticity or contracture of the plantar flexors; will see poor eccentric contraction and advancement of the tibia. |
Supination of ankle/foot | excessive lateral contact of foot during stance with varus position of calcaneus. May occur at initial contact and correct at foot flat with weight acceptance or remain throughout stance. |
Supination of ankle/foot causes | spastic invertors, weak evertors, pas varus, genu varum |
Pronation of ankle/foot | excessive medial contact of foot during stance with valgus position of calcaneus. |
Pronation of ankle/foot causes | weak invertors, spasticity, pes valgus, genu valgum. |
Toes claws | the result of spastic toe flexors, possibly a hyperactive plantar grasp reflex. |
Inadequate push off | the result of weak plantar flexors, decreased ROM, or pain in the forefoot |
Insufficient forward pelvic rotation (stiff pelvis, pelvic retraction) | the result of weak abdominal muscles, weak flexor muscles (e.g. stroke) |
Insufficient hip and knee flexion | the result of weak hip and knee flexors; inability to lift the leg and move it forward. |
Circumduction | the leg swings out to the side (abduction/external rotation followed by adduction/internal rotation); the result of weak hip and knee flexors. |
Hip hiking | (quadratus lumborum action) a compensatory response for weak hip and knee flexors, or extensor spasticity. |
Steppage gait | excessive hip and knee flexion: a compensatory response to shorten the leg; the result of weak dorsiflexors (diabetic neuropathy of the fibular nerve). |
Abnormal synergistic activity (swing phase) | (e.g. stroke) excessive hip and knee flexion with abduction. |
Insufficient knee flexion | the result of extensor spasticity, pain/decreased ROM, or weak hamstrings. |
Excessive knee flexion | the result of flexor spasticity; flexor withdrawal reflex. |
Foot drop | equinus: the result of weak or delayed contraction of the dorsiflexors or spastic plantarflexors. |
Varus or inverted foot is the result of | spastic invertors (anterior tibialis), weak peroneals, or abnormal synergistic pattern (e.g. stroke) |
Equinovarus | the result of spasticity of the posterior tibialis and/or gastrocnemius/soleus; developmental abnormality. |
Created by:
watsdny
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