Unit 4 Study Guide Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
the parts of a reflex arc are: | sensory (afferent) neurons->integrating ctr->interneurons (efferent) |
which part of a reflex arc carries impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS? | sensory neurons |
which part of a reflex arc carries impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands? | interneurons |
in a reflex arc muscles and glands are classified as: | effactors |
skeletal muscles are controlled by these PNS nerves: | somatic |
part of the nervous system the includes the brain and spinal cord: | CNS |
rough ER in cell body of neurons which are able to make neurotransmitters: | nissl substance |
trace the path of an impulse through a neuron: | dendrite->cell body->axon->synapse-> |
cells that make up the myelin sheath in the PNS: | schwan cells |
cells that provide cushioning for neurons in the PNS: | satalite cells |
cells that perform phagocytosis in the CNS: | microglia |
cells that make up the myelin sheath in the CNS: | oligodendrocytes |
ciliated cells that make and circulate cerebrospinal fluis (CSF): | ependymal |
cells that make up the blood-brain barrier: | astrocytes |
what is the name given to the gaps between schwann cells? | nodes of rompier |
which of these can pass the blood-brain barrier readily? which cannot?: O2____, alcohol____, proteins_____, CO2_____, anesthetics_____, antibiotics____, | y; y; n; y; y; n |
gray matter contains __________________axons; white matter contains____________axons | unmylenated; mylenated |
chemical messengers which cross synapses are: | neurotransmitters |
the reversal of charge on an axon which marks the passage of an impulse is: | depolarization |
when a neuron is not conducting an impulse, it is in: | resting potential |
identify the part of the brain that controls the pituitary gland: | hypothalmus |
identify the part of the brain that contains the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain: | brainstem |
identify the part of the brain that the medulla oblongata reflex centers control: | heart-rate, respiratory-rate |
identify the part of the brain that controls conscious thinking and memory: | cerebrium |
identify the part of the brain that controls coordination and movements: | cerebelum |
identify the part of the brain that controls communication between herispheres of the cerebrum: | corpus callosum |
a bundle of neurons in the PNS is a _______; in the CNS is a _________ | nerve; track |
communication up and down the spinal cord is carried out by: | white matter tracks |
the tough membrane that protects the spinal cord and brain: | meninges |
name the layers of the meninges from superficial to deep: | dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater |
inflammation of the meninges is called: | meningitis |
name the division of the autonomic nervous system which is active during periods of stress: | sympathetic nervous system |
name the division of the autonomic nervous system which handles routine body functions: | parasympathetic nervous system |
cranial and spinal nerves are part of the: | CNS |
which membrane covers the eyeball and eyelid? | conjunctiva |
which fluid is located in the anterior segment? | aquious humor |
which fluid is located in the posterior segment? | vitreous humor |
which eye layer has blood vessles to provide nutrients to the other layers? | choroid |
located in the center of the retina, the name means "yellow spot": | macula lutea |
depression containing cones, but no rods; high visual acuity area: | fovea centralis |
"blind spot" where the optic nerve leaves the retina: | optic disc |
transparent window of the eye; lets light in: | cornea |
glad that produces tears: | lacrimal gland |
this structure drains fluid from the anterior segment: | scleral venous sinus |
"white" of the eye; made up of tough, fibrous CT: | sclera |
the__________muscles move the eyes alloving convergence. | extrensic |
the ciliary muscle___________for close vision, allowing the lens to become rounded and_________for distance vision, allowing the lens to become flat | contracts; relaxes |
process in which the lens becomes rounded for close vision: | accomodation |
The_____controls the amount of light entering the eye by opening and closing the _________ | iris; pupil |
the two intrinsic muscles are the______________ and_______ | ciliary muscle; iris |
layer of the eye that contains photoreceptors and does visual processing: | retina |
nerve that takes visual image to the brain: | optic nerve |
part of the brain that interprets visual images: | occipital lobe |
trace the path of light through the eye: | cornea->aqueous humor->pupil->lens->vitreous humor->retina |
the receptors for hearing are located in this specific part of the cochlea: | organ of corti |
the receptors for equilibrium are located in the_________________and______________ | semicircular canals; vestibule |
membrane-lined spaces inside the ear are_____________labyrinth filled with_____________ | membranous; endolymph |
bony labyrinth is lined by____________filled with_____________ | periosteum; perilymph |
the bones of the middle ear are collectivly known as the___________and are called the 1)________ 2)___________ 3)___________ | ossicles; maleus; incus; stapes |
structure that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx: | auditory tube |
external ear structure that is made up of elastic cartilage and gathers sound: | pina |
the anatomical name for the eardrum is the: | tempanic membrane |
which membrane supports the haie-like receptors for hearing? | basilar membrane |
whicmembrane is superior to the hearing receptors? | tectorial membrane |
pressure relief valve that "calms the waves" in the perilymph: | round window |
which nerve carries hearing and equilibrium impulses from ear to brain? | vertibulocochlear nerve |
what term is given to the maintenance of balance when a person is not moving, or moving in a straight line? | static equilibrium |
what term is given to the maintenance of balance when a person is moving; especially rotational movements? | dynamic equilibrium |
the receptors for static equilibrium are called____________ and are located in the___________ | maculae; vestibule |
otoliths are ____________________and contribute to_________equilibrium | calcium carbonate "stones"; static |
dynamic equilibrium receptors are called__________ and are located in_________________ | christae; semicircular canals |
part of the brain that interprets hearing and equilibrium: | temporal lobe |
located in the superior portionof the nasal cavity are the____________receptors, nonmotile cilia called___________________ | olfactory; olfactory receptor cells |
sense of smell is carried toward the brain by the__________________and it is interpreted by__________and________________ | olfactory nerve; frontal; temporal lobe |
the five tastes are: | salty, sour, sweet, bitter, umami |
taste receptors are known as___________cells and are located on___________ | gustatory; papillae |
which part of the brain interprets taste stimuli? | parietal lobe |
which papillae have taste receptors? | circumvallate and fungiform |
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