| side 1 |
flap 2 |
| soveriegn power in democracy is held by | the people |
| soveriegn power in a dictatorship is held by | oligarchy/dictator |
| power in dictatorship is gained by | force - the army/military |
| unitary gov't | power all to a central agency |
| federal gov't | power is btw a central and other local governments |
| confederation | an alliance of independent states |
| presidential gov't | executive/legislative branches are coequal and seperate |
| parliamentary gov't | members of executive are in legislative and must take legislature commands |
| division of powers | power is shared in central and local gov'ts |
| oligarchy | small, self-appointed group rules |
| autocracy | a single person has unlimited power |
| direct democracy | 1 man, 1 vote |
| representative democracy | people elect reps and they are the government (US) |
| reserved powers | powers of the state |
| delegated powers | only has powers granted to them by the constitution |
| expressed powers | powers given to the National Governent through the constitution |
| implied powers | suggested by expressed powers - affect people directly |
| inherent powers | foreign people, territory, rebellion, and granting diplomatic recognition |
| state powers | protect/promote public health, the public morals, public safety, and general welfare, also alcohol, licenses, ages. |
| exclusive powers | only for National Government |
| concurrent powers | National and State Governments promote out |
| the supremecy clause | states that all constitution orders is above all other forms of law. |
| legislative | congress; makes the laws |
| judicial | supreme court; interprets laws |
| executive | president; enforces laws |
| judicial review | declare legislation/executive acts unconstituuional |
| pardon | to forgive a person for a crime |
| militia | military to protect the state |
| eminent domain | person's property can not be taken away if not for good of the general public or without being paid a fair price |
| ratify | approval of an executive action |
| intergovernment | between two governmental units |
| defendant | person sued in court or charged with a crime |
| plaintiff | person who sues for damages in court |
| revenue | money generated to pay for government services |
| ambassador | a representative of the united states in a foreign country |
| judicial review 2 | measuring if a law is unconstitutional |
| indict | to formally accuse a person of committing a crime |
| naturalization | process of becoming a citizen |
| budget | plan of raising revenue and spending |
| bail | money used to guarentee a person's appearance in court |
| committee | small group of people |
| impeach | process of removing a public official from office |
| contract | an agreement between two people |
| commerce | trade; buying and selling |
| warrant | official document demanding a person to appear in court |
| popular sovergienty | government for people |
| limited governement | preserves certian powers to the federal and state governements |
| seperation of powers | the executive, legislative, and judicial powers divided equally to each branch |
| checks and balances | to allow each branch to check eachothers actions |
| federalism | the division of power among a central and several regional governments |
| preamble | intro before constitution starts |
| denied power | grant titles and nobility |
| delegated power | federal only |
| rule of law | people are all equal when with the law |
| social contract | if government follows peoples orders,they can rule. |
| mcculloch vs. md | national bank; no taxing it; supremecy clause |
| marbury vs. madison | judicial review; madison won |
| EJL | exec, judic, legis |
| plessy vs. ferguson | equal protection clause; railroad |
| miranda vs. arizona | rights of accused; fair trials; sex offender |
| gideon vs. wainwright | right to council; movie |
| tinker vs, des moines board of education | arm band; only bad if a disruption occurs in schools |
| new jersey vs. TLO | drugs; illegal searces; reasonable suspicion |
| environmental protection agency | big businesses/factories w/ environment |
| food and drug administration | nutrition labels, cows, inspect perscriptions, etc. |
| federal trade commission | trade - internation and state |
| federal communications commission | monitored airways |
| federal aviation administration | air travel monitors inspections, crashes, etc; black box |
| criminal law | liable, crimes, reasonable doubt, felony, misdemeanor, presumption of innocence, probable clause, writ of habeas corpus, subpoena |
| civil law | guilty, lawsuits, plaintiff, preponderance of evidence, petit jury, breach of contract, torts |
