PediatricAudiometry1 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
child hearing development - at birth | infant has already had hearing ability for four months; prefers mother's voice |
child hearing development - at 4 months | infant can discriminate between two phonemes |
child hearing development - 6 months | infant had learned all sounds/phonemes of language |
child hearing development - 8 months | infants can distinguish between all phonemes of all languages; e.g. Japanese infants can discern /l/ and /r/ even though these are allophones in Japanese |
child hearing development - 28 weeks | cochlea fully developed and adult sized |
initial aspects of pediatric audiometry | 1. obtain case history, 2. physical inspection of ears, 3. observe and interact informally with child |
auditory behavior index: 0 - 6 weeks | eye-blink, eye-widening, startle, arousal/stirring from sleep; 40 dB HL speech |
auditory behavior index: 6 weeks - 4 months | eye-blink, eye-widening, eye shift, quieting, rudimentary hear rusn starts by 4 months; 47 dB HL speech |
auditory behavior index: 4 - 7 months | head turn laterally toward sound, listening attitude; 21 dB HL speech |
auditory behavior index: 7 - 9 months | directly localizes to side, indirectly localizes below ear level; 15 dB HL speech |
auditory behavior index: 9 - 13 months | directly localizes to side and below ear level, indirectly localizes above ear level; 8 dB HL speech |
auditory behavior index: 13 - 16 months | directly localizes to side/below/above ear level; 5 dB HL speech |
minimum response level | MRL; not a hearing threshold |
pediatric audiometry - two types of measures | 1. behavioral, 2. physiological; audiologist will always complete one of each with child |
behavioral measures | Behavioral Observation Audiometry, Visual Reinforcement Audiometry/Localization Audiometry, Tangible & Visual Reinforcement Operant Conditioning Audiometry, Play Audiometry |
BOA | Behavioral Observation Audiometry |
VRA | Visualization Reinforcement Audiometry (also known as Localization Audiometry) |
TROCA | Tangible Reinforcement Operant Conditioning Audiometry |
VROCA | Visual Reinforcement Operant Conditioning Audiometry |
CPA | Conditioned Play Audiometry |
Behavioral Observation Audiometry | < 4 months; watch baby's response to relatively sudden intense sounds; stimuli presented in sound field; response judged by two examiners |
BOA - sources of variability | examiner judgement subject to bias; measure responsiveness to sound, not threshold; responses vary with age; habituation; normal range is large |
Visual Reinforcement Audiometry | 5 months - 2 years; single loudspeaker and reinforcer used; reinforcement device is a toy that is illuminated and moves; infant's response must be a clear head to the loudspeaker/reinforcer; responses judged by two examiners |
Tangible and Visual Reinforcement Operant Conditioning Audiometry | 6 - 24 months; speaker placed in front of child; requires simple but specific motor response within range of neuromotor capabilities; reinforce by delivery of tangible or visual reward; fake positives discourages by time out periods |
Play Audiometry | 2 - 5 years; 2 examiners communicate via intercom; requires specific motor response within framework of a game; tell and demonstrate what to do; social reinforcement such as smile, praise, etc. |
Created by:
sullivancl
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