| Question |
Answer |
| Half of all the magnesium in the body is stored where | in the bones |
| What is the second most abundent intracellular cation | magnesium |
| What is the most abundant intracellular cation | potassium |
| If a disease comes from an unknown origin it is known as | idiopathic |
| In 1966 the national academy of science and the national research council released what | a white paper entitled accidental death and dissability |
| Who was the father of paramedicine | Dr. Nagel |
| When was the first national standard curriculum for paramedics developed, and by who | 1977 by the US DOT |
| when did the first ambulance come about | 1790 |
| In ems our scope of practice is developed based on what | research |
| What kind of stress motivates an individual to achieve | eustress (positive stress) |
| What is is called when someone attributes their own feelings, motives, desires, or behavior to others | projection |
| If an electrolyte has an overall positive charge it is said to be a | cation |
| If an electrolyte has an overall negative charge it is said to be a | anion |
| what cation is most common in the body | sodium |
| what cation regulates water throughout the body | sodium |
| Name the major differences between a scheduale I and a scheduale II narcotic | a scheduale I has a higher abuse potential and has no acceptable medical use |
| Ems drug delivery is done through what nervouse system | autonomic |
| What nervous system is particularly vulnerable to the administration of prehospital drugs | ANS |
| What are the six rights of medication administration | the right dose,patient,medication, route, time, documentation and reporting |
| Alpha 1 receptor stimulation produces what effects | peripheral vasoconstriction, mild bronchoconstriction, and speed metabolism |
| Alpha 2 receptor stimulation produces what effects | control release of norepinephrine |
| Beta 1 receptor stimulation produces what effects | increased HR, increased force of contraction, and increased conduction velocity |
| Beta 2 receptor stimulation produces what effects | Vasodilation and bronchodilation |
| A positive Inotropic effect results in | increased FOC |
| A positive Dronotropic effect results in | Increased conduction velocity |
| A positive Chronotropic effect results in | Increased HR |
| patients 41-60 are succeptible to what | acute immunosuppression |
| In a baby that is teething what are a couple things you could expect. | Fever, crying, irratability. |
| When a baby receives immunities from it's mother this is known as what | Passive immunity |
| By the age of 3-4 years most babies can what | use and understand full sentences |
| Following an optimal inspiration, the amount of air that can be forced from the lungs in a single exhalation is called the | functional reserve capacity |
| the upper airway consists of all the anatomic airway structures above the level of the ____________ | vocal cords |
| A decreased level of Pao2 causes you to take a breath. this is called your what | hypoxic drive |
| a deficiency of red blood cells that result in a chronically decreased ability of the blood to carry oxygern, is called | Anemia |
| What is the formula to figure minute alveolar volume | tidal volume minus dead space volume (150 on average) x the respiratory rate. |
| Laryngospasm is defined as | a spasmodic closure of the vocal cords |
| what chemical decreases surface tension on the alveolar walls and keeps them expanded | surfactant |
| when blood bypasses the alveoli and returns unoxygenated to the left side of the heart, we call this | intrapulmonary shunting |
| what is the name of the protective mechanism that terminates inhalation, thus preventing overexpansion of the lungs. This mechanism causes you to cough | Hering-breuer reflex |
| A decreased loc can indicates | lower blood flow to the brain |
| eye-to-eye contact indicates what | honesty and concern |
| A patient experiancing orthopnea is experiancing what | difficulty breathing while laying down |
| JVD is an indication of what | right sided heart failure |
| S1 represents the closure of what | the mitral and tricuspid valves at the start of systole |
| What is the lowest portion of the pharynx | laryngopharynx |
| what opens into the larynex anteriorly and the esophagus posteriorly | laryngopharynx |
| what cavities are formed from cranial bones | sinuses |
| what do you call tha anatomic space or pocket located between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis | vallecula |
| How many cervical bones are there | 7 |
| How many thoracic bones are there | 12 |
| How many lumbar bones are there | 5 |
| How many sacrum bones are there | 5 |
| How many cocyx bones are there | 4 |
| the percentage of oxygen in inhaled air is known as | fraction of inspired oxygen |
| what is positive pressure ventilation | forcing air into the lungs |
| what is the partial pressure of oxygen | the amount of dissolved oxygen floating in the plasma not bound to hemaglobin |
| What is the function of the lower airway | to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Being empathetic means | to feel what the patient is feeling |
| what is a protocol | a treatment plan for a specific illnes or injury |
| what is the result of most ems lawsuits | ambulance collisions |
| When you make a false statement in writting that harms a persons good name is called | libel |
| what is the order of response to illness or injury | fear, anxiety, depression, anger, and confusion |
| an organ is composed of what | various different types of tissue |
| a molecule that binds to any receptor, anywhere, leading to any reaction is what | a ligand |
| an endogenous ligand means what | a molecule produced by the body |
| exogenous ligand is what | a molecule that is given as a drug |
| a discipline within ethics that discusses and debates the health care of human beings. | bioethics |
| patient autonomy means | a patient has the right to direct their care and to decide how they want their end of life medical care provided to them. |
| a written order regaurding when resuscitation is to be started and when not to is called a | dnr |
| leading cause of unintentional deaths is | MVA |
| the volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled during a single respiratory cycle | tidal volume |
| a decrease in arteriol oxygen levels | hypoxemia |
| What is intermittent claudication | a cramp like pain in the lower extremities |
| what type of lung sound might you expect in a patient with pneumonia | congested |
| If a patient has a clenched jaw then what nerve is still intact | trigeminal nerve |
| what are primitive reflexes | reflexes that originate in the central nervous system that are exhibited by normal infants. i.e. moro reflex, rooting reflex, palmar grasp, sucking reflex |
| To properly fit a bp cuff it should take up how much of the upper arm | one half to two thirds |
| injected conjunctiva are what color | red |
| pain affecting our soft organs and body tissues is known as what type of pain | visceral pain |
| the measurment of the force exerted against the walls of the blood vessels is known as the | blood pressure |
| Blood pressure is the product of what | cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance |
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