| Flap 1 |
Flap 2 |
| Dates of the Archaic period | 3100-2770 BC |
| Dates of the Old Kingdom | 2770-2200 BC |
| Dates of the Middle Kingdom | 2050-1786 BC |
| Dates of the New Kingdom 1560-1087 BC | 1560-1087 BC |
| unification of upper and lower Egypt | main accomplishment during the Archaic period |
| Menes | probable name of the 1st pharaoh, the one who united Egypt |
| Zoser | 1st pharaoh of the third dynasty |
| step pyramid | first pyramid |
| Zoser | Pharaoh who had the step pyramid built |
| Imhotep | chief builder of the first pyramid |
| Ra | god whom the Pharaohs were supposedly descended from |
| Gizeh | location of greatest pyramids |
| Menkure, Kephren, Khufu | three pharaohs associated with the pyramids at Gizeh |
| Khufu | Pharaoh for whom the great pyramid was built |
| Cheops | Greek name for Khufu |
| Khufu | first person to be mummified |
| vizier | most important official under Pharaoh |
| nome | regional division of Egypt |
| 6th dynasty | dynasty during which the Old Kingdom falls |
| 2200 | year in which the old Kingdom falls |
| 11th and 12th dynasties | dynasties of the Middle Kingdom |
| Middle Kingdom | the period of Egyptian history considered its classical age or golden age |
| Amenemhet I and Senusret III | most powerful Pharaohs of the 12th dynasty |
| public works like drainage and irrigation | major works that replaced pyramid building during the Middle Kingdom |
| revolt of nobles | event of 1786 BC that ended the Middle Kingdom |
| invasion of Hyksos | event of 1750 BC that finally demolished the Middle Kingdom |
| New Kingdom | period of Egyptian history considered the Empire period |
| Ahmose | Pharaoh who finished driving the Hyksos from Egypt and inaugurated the 18th dynasty |
| 18th-20th dynasties | Dynasties of the New Kingdom |
| Ramses III | last of the great Pharaohs |
| 1182-1151 BC | dates of Ramses III reign |
| Ramses II/the Great | third king of the 19th dynasty |
| Nefertari | Ramses' wife for which he built a lavish tomb |
| Amenhotep IV | Original name of the king who introduced monotheism to Egypt |
| Akhenaton | adopted new name of the pharaoh who introduced monotheism to Egypt |
| 1375-1360 BC | Dates of Akhenaton's reign |
| Aton | the sun, focus of Akhenaton's worship |
| El-Amarna | new capital under Akhenaton |
| King Tutankhamen | Akhenaton's son and successor |
| Thebes | the old capital to which King Tut returned when he succeeded Akhenaton |
| Howard Carter | archaeologist who discovered King Tut's tomb |
| 1922 | year in which King Tut's tomb was discovered |
| it had not been looted | main reason why King Tut's tomb was such a great discovery |
| temples | building projects that replaced pyramids in New Kingdom |
| wheat cake | meaning of the word pyramis, from which we get the word pyramid |
| Sphinx | guardian of the pyramid of Khafra |
| stele | item between the paws of the Sphinx containing the story of the Sphinx |
| Pylon | the large gate at the front of an Egyptian temple |
| Hypostle Hall | the large room with pillars in which only the priests were permitted |
| sacred lake | this is beside a temple, represents the world before time began |
| frontalism | artistic style involving a front view of the torso but a profile view of the head and legs |
| ka | a statue of a deceased person, supposedly the living repository of the spirit |
| Anubis | god of the dead and of embalming |
| Egyptian and Greek | 2 languages on the Rosetta Stone |
| heirglyphic, demotic, Greek | three scripts on the Rosetta stone |
| 196 BC | year in which the Rosetta stone was carved |
| 1799 AD | year in which the Rosetta Stone was discovered |
| 1822 | year in which the Rosetta STone was deciphered |
| The Plea of the Eloquent Peasant | the political document promoting the ideal commitment to benevolence and justice |
| Sirius | star on which a more accurate calendar was based than the lunar calendar |
| New Years Day | for the Egyptians, the day when Sirius aligns with the sun |
| Osiris | Egyptian god of nature and the Nile, became judge of the dead |
| Isis | wife of Osiris |
| Amon | sun god worshipped in Thebes, joined with Re |
| Seth | god of thunder, lighning, and chaos |
| Horus | god of the sky, light, goodness, son of Isis, represented by the eagle |
| Ma'at | goddess of truth, justice, winged woman |
