Module 2 Word Scramble
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Term | Definition |
Cells (cyto/o) | Fundamental unit of all living things |
Cell membrane | Surrounds and protects; determines what leaves and enters cell |
Nucleus | Control center of cell; contains chromosomes |
Cytoplasm | Gel-like substance containing organelles that carry out essential functions of a cell |
Mitochondria | Provide principle source of energy for the cell |
Lysosomes | Contain various enzymes that function in intracellular digestion |
Ribosomes | Build/synthesize long chains of protein "protein factories" |
Components of a Cell (6) | 1. Cell membrane 2. Nucleus 3. Cytoplasm 4. Mitochondria 5. Lysosomes 6. Ribosomes |
Endoplasmic reticulum | Network of canals within cytoplasm |
Chromosomes | Rod shaped structures in NUCLEUS that contain DNA-GENES; each cell contains 46 single (23 pairs) chromosomes; EXCEPTION -- egg and sperm only have 23 single chromosomes |
Tissues | Composed of groups of similar cells performing common functions |
Types of tissues (4) | 1. Connective 2. Epithelial 3. Muscle 4. Nervous |
Connective tissue | Supports and binds other body tissue and parts. Ie: liquid (blood); fatty (protective padding); fibrous (tendons and ligaments); cartilage (rings of trachea); or solid (bone) |
Muscle tissue | Capable of producing movement of the parts and organs of the body through contracting and relaxing of fibers. |
3 types of muscle tissue | Skeletal (attached to bone and responsible for movement); smooth/visceral (found in the walls of hollow organs like stomach and intestines); cardiac (muscular wall of heart only) |
Nervous tissue | Transmits impulses throughout the body; activating, coordinating and controlling many body functions |
Membrane is | Thin layer of tissue that covers a surface, lines a cavity or divides a space (abdominal membrane) |
Histologist | Medical specialist in the study of tissues |
Cytology | Study of cells |
Organs | Made up of tissues arranged to perform a particular function. Ie: liver; spleen; stomach; lungs; bladder; pancreas; kidneys; intestines and ovaries. |
Visceral | Internal organs |
Systems | Organizations of various organs so they perform the many functions of the body |
Whole Body Groups | Cells form tissues → Tissues form organs → Organs form systems → Systems form organisms |
Primary body systems (13) | Muscular; Endocrine; Respiratory; Lymphatic; Integumnetary; Nervous (MERLIN) Skeletal; Cardiac; Reproductive; Urinary; Digestive and Special senses (SCRUDS) |
Anatomical Position | Body erect; eyes forward and palms facing outward |
Terms to describe Body | Planes; Cavities; Quadrants; Regions of abdominal cavity and Divisions of spinal column |
Body planes (3) | Identify position of various parts within the body: 1. Frontal/Coronal Plane 2. Transverse/Horizontal 3. Midsagittal |
Frontal/Coronal Plane | Divides body anterior and posterior, front to back |
Transverse/Horizontal Plane | Divides across the body, parallel to the ground |
Midsagittal Plane | Divides lengthwise vertical (left and right side) |
Abdominal Quadrants | 1. Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) 2. Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) 3. Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) 4. Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ) |
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) | Liver (rt); gall bladder; pancreas (rt); part of small and large intestines |
Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) | Liver (lt); stomach; spleen; pancreas lt); part of small and large intestine |
Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) | Part of small and large intestine; ovary and fallopian (rt); appendix; ureter (rt) |
Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ) | Part of small and large intestine; ovary and fallopian (lt); ureter (lt) |
Regions of Abdominal Quadrants | Hypochondriac (lt and rt); Epigastric; Lumbar (lt and rt); Umbilical; Iliac (lt and rt) and Hypogastric |
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monkmaroni
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