| Flap 1 |
Flap 2 |
| 4 layers of digestive tract wall | mucosa or mucus membrane, submucosa, muscularis, serosa |
| muscularis | 2 layers of smooth muscle tissue |
| peristalsis | wave like, rhythmic contractions which move the food in muscularis |
| gingivitis | inflammation or infection in the gums |
| parotids | largest salivary glands |
| gastric glands | stomach glands which secrete hydrochloric acid |
| rugae | when the stomach is empty the lining lies in folds |
| walls of stomach | 3 layers of smooth muscles, run lengthwise, oblique & around, one of the strongest internal organs |
| gastritis | stomach inflammation |
| enteritis | inflammation of small intestines |
| part of small intestines | duodenum |
| liver | largest gland in the body, secretes bile |
| gallbladder | stores bile |
| bile | emulsifies fat globules |
| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder |
| cirrhosis | degenerative liver condition, damaged tissue is replaced with fibrous or fatty tissue |
| cirrhosis sign & symptoms | nausea, anorexia, gray-white stools, weakness, pain |
| cirrhosis causes | hepatitis, chronic alcohol abuse, malnutrition, infection |
| pancreatic juices | most important digestive juice |
| pancreatic juices | contains enzymes that digest all three major foods-carbohydrate, protein, lipids |
| pancreatic juices | contains sodium bicarbonate which neutralizes hydrochloric acid from gastric juices |
| pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| cystic fibrosis | inherited disorder that causes exocrine glands to produce excessively thick secretions that can block & back up pancreatic ducts |
| large intestines | where bacteria live |
| large intestine | reabsorb water & salts & vitamins |
| ascending colon | upward on right side of body |
| transverse colon | extends across front of abdomen from right to left |
| descending colon | downward on left side of body |
| sigmoid colon | "S" shaped segment that terminates in the rectum |
| dysentery | inflammatory condition in which there is watery feces that may contain mucus, blood, or pus |
| flatulence | presence of air or other gases in gastrointestinal tract in large intestines usually produced by intestinal bacteria |
| appendix | veriform appendix-wormlike tubular structure at the end of the cecum |
| greater omentum | pouchlike extension of the visceral peritoneum, hangs down over the intestines |
| ascites | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal space |
| stomach | begins protein digestion |
| lipase | pancreatic juice that changes lipid to fatty acids & glycerol (digests fat) |
| end products of digestion | carbohydrates, proteins, fats |
| carbohydrates | glucose, galactose, fructose |
| proteins | amino acids |
| fats | fatty acids & glycerol |
| absorption | occurs in the small intestines |
| reabsorption | occurs in the large intestines |
| massage for colon cancer | need medical clearance |
| massage for hepatitis B | general contraindication |
