| Question |
Answer |
| identify where fat-soluble vitamins are excreted | they are not excreted they are stored in lipids of the cells |
| what does excess levels of vitamin D cause | can cause hypercalcaemia thus allowing possible toxic effects and muscle weakness or pain in soft tissues and joints. in sereve cases convulsions may be possible death |
| what does vitamin K do to the blood | plays a role in coagulation |
| what age group is at high risk for vitamin B deficiency | includes older adults |
| what does pyridoxine do | it functions in the metabolism or carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in a diet. can increase metabolism |
| scurvy is the result of what vitamin deficiency | vitamin C |
| what are the main antioxidant vitamins | vitamins A C E |
| identify the fat soluble vitamins | vitamins A D E K |
| identify the primary function of vitamin A | visual pigment for the rods in the retina of the eye. protects against cancer in the skin and other epithelial cell types. fight and destroy bacteria, viral, n parasitic infections. soaks up free radicals that could harm cells |
| identify what happens when there is a vitamin D deficiency | can cause bone weakness and deformitites (rickets) in children, and adults can get osteomalacia |
| identify the vitamin that is essential for normal metabolism and protection of the skin, eyes, tissues, and muscles | vitamin E |
| which vitamin enables proper cellular functioning of the body | B vitamins |
| which vitamin is used in tissue respiration and metabolism but when taken orally can reduce LCL | vitamin B3 -nicotinic acid |
| which vitamin is responsible for the formation of the connective tissue that is formed in bones, teeth, and gums | vitamin C |
| ascorbic acid (water or fat) | water |
| retinol (water or fat) | fat |
| ergocalciferol (water or fat) | fat |
| folic acid (water or fat) | water |
| alpha-tocopherol (water or fat) | fat |
| phytonadione (water or fat) | fat |
| riboflavin (water or fat) | water |
| nicotinic acid (deficiency disorders) | pellagra |
| cyanocobalamin (deficiency disorders) | pernicious anemia |
| thiamine (deficiency disorders) | beriberi |
| folic acid (deficiency disorders) | megaloblastic anemia, demenia, depression, hair loss |
| proper immune functioning and growth (which minerals) | selenium |
| bone formation, cell transport, nerve and muscle functions (which minerals) | calcium |
| iron utilization, skin pigmentation, nervous system functions (which minerals) | copper |
| cellular transport; normal muscle, heart, kidney and nervous system functions (which minerals) | potassium |
| proper growth and reproduction; helps heal wounds (which minerals) | zinc |
| hemoglobin and oxygen transport (which minerals) | iron |
| the lymphatic system is a primary source of | immune cell production |
| in which age group is the thymus larger | childhood than adulthood |
| which are smaller B cells or T cells | B cells |
| what are the advantages and disadventages of live vaccines | negative- smaller risk of full blown infection. positive- obtain a long lasting immunity |
| hepatitis B can lead to damage of what organ | liver |
| identify the vaccines which may be given together | DPT |
| which disease has been totally eradicated from the united states | polio |
| what is the other name for chicken pox | varicella |
| what is the primary function of the thymus | produce lymphocytes and eventually circulates through lymphatic tissues |
| what is the primary function of the tonsils | filters bacteria and other infective material |
| what is the primary function of the spleen | filters blood cells as they reach the end of the cell life cycle |
| what makes up the bodys major portion of fighting cells | lymphocytes |
| identify the age group that is most susceptible to chicken pox | children |
| how often should a tetanus booster be given to adults | every ten years |
| what vaccine in the 1950s actually contained a live virus and gave people the virus they were being immunized against | polio |
| which bacterial disease is also known as whooping cough | pertussis |
| which virus can cause birth defects in unborn children or even miscarriage | rebella or aka measles |
| define-aquired immunity | immunity that has been acquired through exposure to an antigen or infectious agent |
| define-toxoid | a toxin that has been rendered harmless but still invokes an antigenic response |
| define-antigen | the meter on cell surfaces that marks the cell as a self cell; stimulates the production of antibodies, can cause an allergic reaction |
| define-antibodies | proteins contained within plasma cells that neutralize or destroy antigens; also known as immunoglobulins |
| define-passive immunity | resistance that has been aquired through a transfer of antibodies from another person or animal or from mother to child |
| define-globulin | proteins that are insoluble in water; immune globules protect against disease- transport proteins |
| define-attenuated | an altered or weakened live vaccine made from disease organism that the vaccine protects against |
| does the diagnosis of cancer mean certain death | no |
| is it important for the body to produce new cells | yes |
| there is no clear evidence that genetics are responsible for cancer | there is no clear evidence |
| which age group is affected more by acute myelogenous leukemia | children |
| erythropoietin stimulates the production of what | RBC |
| what is a nonmalignant neoplasm called | benign |
| what are the three main causes of cancer | environmental contaminants, radiation, and viruses |
| in radiation treatment, which rays are used to treat deep lesions | gamma |
| which type of cancer are antimetabolites often used for treatment | leukemia |
| identify the antimetabolite agents | cytarabine, mercaptopurine, thioguanine |
| identify the anitbiotics commonly used in adjunt treatment of cancer | bleomycin, mitomycin, mitoxantrone, pentostatin |
| the process of cell devision that cells must perform is | mitosis |
| identify the drugs which are mitotic inhibitors | tenipuside, vinblastine, vincristine, vinurelbine |
| what is the proper order of stages that occur in mitosis | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| identify diseases typically treated with alkylating agents | hodgkins disease, retinoblastoma, lyphocytic leukemia, inoperable cancers |
| identify drugs which are nitrosoureas agents | carmustine, lomustine, streptozocin |
| an agent that causes irritation and sloughing of the skin is known as | vesicant |
| what drug stimulates WBC production | filgrastim |
| which drug stimulates RBC production | erythropoietin |
mr. charles11
