they are not excreted they are stored in lipids of the cells
what does excess levels of vitamin D cause
can cause hypercalcaemia thus allowing possible toxic effects and muscle weakness or pain in soft tissues and joints. in sereve cases convulsions may be possible death
what does vitamin K do to the blood
plays a role in coagulation
what age group is at high risk for vitamin B deficiency
includes older adults
what does pyridoxine do
it functions in the metabolism or carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in a diet. can increase metabolism
scurvy is the result of what vitamin deficiency
vitamin C
what are the main antioxidant vitamins
vitamins A C E
identify the fat soluble vitamins
vitamins A D E K
identify the primary function of vitamin A
visual pigment for the rods in the retina of the eye. protects against cancer in the skin and other epithelial cell types. fight and destroy bacteria, viral, n parasitic infections. soaks up free radicals that could harm cells
identify what happens when there is a vitamin D deficiency
can cause bone weakness and deformitites (rickets) in children, and adults can get osteomalacia
identify the vitamin that is essential for normal metabolism and protection of the skin, eyes, tissues, and muscles
vitamin E
which vitamin enables proper cellular functioning of the body
B vitamins
which vitamin is used in tissue respiration and metabolism but when taken orally can reduce LCL
vitamin B3 -nicotinic acid
which vitamin is responsible for the formation of the connective tissue that is formed in bones, teeth, and gums
vitamin C
ascorbic acid (water or fat)
water
retinol (water or fat)
fat
ergocalciferol (water or fat)
fat
folic acid (water or fat)
water
alpha-tocopherol (water or fat)
fat
phytonadione (water or fat)
fat
riboflavin (water or fat)
water
nicotinic acid (deficiency disorders)
pellagra
cyanocobalamin (deficiency disorders)
pernicious anemia
thiamine (deficiency disorders)
beriberi
folic acid (deficiency disorders)
megaloblastic anemia, demenia, depression, hair loss
proper immune functioning and growth (which minerals)
selenium
bone formation, cell transport, nerve and muscle functions (which minerals)
calcium
iron utilization, skin pigmentation, nervous system functions (which minerals)
copper
cellular transport; normal muscle, heart, kidney and nervous system functions (which minerals)
potassium
proper growth and reproduction; helps heal wounds (which minerals)
zinc
hemoglobin and oxygen transport (which minerals)
iron
the lymphatic system is a primary source of
immune cell production
in which age group is the thymus larger
childhood than adulthood
which are smaller B cells or T cells
B cells
what are the advantages and disadventages of live vaccines
negative- smaller risk of full blown infection. positive- obtain a long lasting immunity
hepatitis B can lead to damage of what organ
liver
identify the vaccines which may be given together
DPT
which disease has been totally eradicated from the united states
polio
what is the other name for chicken pox
varicella
what is the primary function of the thymus
produce lymphocytes and eventually circulates through lymphatic tissues
what is the primary function of the tonsils
filters bacteria and other infective material
what is the primary function of the spleen
filters blood cells as they reach the end of the cell life cycle
what makes up the bodys major portion of fighting cells
lymphocytes
identify the age group that is most susceptible to chicken pox
children
how often should a tetanus booster be given to adults
every ten years
what vaccine in the 1950s actually contained a live virus and gave people the virus they were being immunized against
polio
which bacterial disease is also known as whooping cough
pertussis
which virus can cause birth defects in unborn children or even miscarriage
rebella or aka measles
define-aquired immunity
immunity that has been acquired through exposure to an antigen or infectious agent
define-toxoid
a toxin that has been rendered harmless but still invokes an antigenic response
define-antigen
the meter on cell surfaces that marks the cell as a self cell; stimulates the production of antibodies, can cause an allergic reaction
define-antibodies
proteins contained within plasma cells that neutralize or destroy antigens; also known as immunoglobulins
define-passive immunity
resistance that has been aquired through a transfer of antibodies from another person or animal or from mother to child
define-globulin
proteins that are insoluble in water; immune globules protect against disease- transport proteins
define-attenuated
an altered or weakened live vaccine made from disease organism that the vaccine protects against
does the diagnosis of cancer mean certain death
no
is it important for the body to produce new cells
yes
there is no clear evidence that genetics are responsible for cancer
there is no clear evidence
which age group is affected more by acute myelogenous leukemia
children
erythropoietin stimulates the production of what
RBC
what is a nonmalignant neoplasm called
benign
what are the three main causes of cancer
environmental contaminants, radiation, and viruses
in radiation treatment, which rays are used to treat deep lesions
gamma
which type of cancer are antimetabolites often used for treatment
leukemia
identify the antimetabolite agents
cytarabine, mercaptopurine, thioguanine
identify the anitbiotics commonly used in adjunt treatment of cancer
bleomycin, mitomycin, mitoxantrone, pentostatin
the process of cell devision that cells must perform is
mitosis
identify the drugs which are mitotic inhibitors
tenipuside, vinblastine, vincristine, vinurelbine
what is the proper order of stages that occur in mitosis
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
identify diseases typically treated with alkylating agents
HHS Shrek
