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civics vocab. ch. 3

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Question
Answer
Preamble   introduction  
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Articles   Numbered sections of a document; the unamended constitution is divided into seven articles.  
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constitutionalism   Basic principle that government & those who govern must obey the law; the rule of law.  
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rule of law   Concept that holds that government & its officers are always subject to the law.  
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separation of powers   basic principle of american system of gov. that the executive, legislative, & judicial powers are divided among 3 independent & coequal branches of gov.  
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checks ad balances   system of overlapping the powers of legislative, executive, and judicial branches to permit each branch to check the actions of the others.  
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veto   chief executives power to reject a bill passed by a legislature (i forbid in latin)  
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judicial review   the power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a governmental action.  
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unconstitutional   contrary to constitutional provision & so illegal, null & void, of no force & affect.  
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federalism   a system of government in which a written constitution divides power between a central, or national government & several regional gov.  
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amendment   a change in or addition to a constitution or law.  
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formal amendment   change or addition that becomes part of the written language of the con. itself through one of the 4 methods set out in the con.  
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bill of rights   the first ten amendments in the con.  
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executive agreement   a pact made with the president directly with the head of a foreign state; a binding international agreement with the force of law but which does not require senate consent.  
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treaty   a formal agreement between two or more sovereign states.  
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electoral college   group of persons chosen in each state & the district of Columbia every 4 years who make a formal selection of the president & V.P.  
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cabinet   presidential advisory body, traditionally made up of the heads of the executive department & other officers.  
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senatorial courtesy   custom that the senate will not approve a presidential appointment opposed by a majority party senator from the state in which the appointee would serve  
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informal amendment   day-to-day, year-to-year experiences of gov. under the con.  
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