Anatomic relationship terminology
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| Close to or toward front of body (or organ) | Anterior (Ventral)
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| Toward rear or back of body (or organ) | Posterior (Dorsal/Dorsum)
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| Toward the head. Often used to indicate CR (central Ray) angle | Cephalad/Cephalic
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| Away from the head; directed toward the tail. Often used to indicate CR angle | Caudal/Caudad
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| Closer to the head end or situated above; corresponds to "cranial" (skull) | Superior
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| Away from the head. Corresponds to "caudal" (tail) | Inferior
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| Refers to the mid-area or the main part of an organ | Central
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| Refers to parts at or near the surface, edge, or outer part of a body part | Peripheral
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| Structures near the sides, away from or farther from the midline of the body | Lateral
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| Structures near the midline or median plane | Medial
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| Named according to side of patient closest to IR | Lateral Projection
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| Parts farthest from the point of attachment | Distal
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| Structures close to the point of attachment of the body | Proximal
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| Situated on or near the outside | External (Exterior)
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| Nearer to the center | Internal (Interior)
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| Vertical, upright position | Erect
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| Lying down | Recumbent
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| Entire body or body part is rotated at a certain angle | Oblique
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| Palm (anterior or ventral dide) of hand | Palmar (Volar)
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| Inferior surface (sole) of foot | Plantar
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| Top (anterior) surface of foot. Also refers to back of posterior surface of hand | Dorsum/Dorsal
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| Lateral movement of the arm or leg away from the body | Abduct/Abduction
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| Motion that pulls a structure or part toward the midline of the body, or towards the midline of a limb | Adduct/Adduction
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| Straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts | Extension
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| Forced or excessive extension of a limb or joint | Hyperextension
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| Bending movement that decreases the angle between two parts | Flexion
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| Forced excessive flexion of a limb or joint | Hyperflexion
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| Movement of the foot that flexes the foot or toes downward toward the sole | Plantar Flexion
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| The process of lifting the foot or hand in a direction that draws the fingers or toes closer to the body. | Dorsiflexion
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| Outward turning of foot at the ankle. A lateral eversion of the leg = VALGUS STRESS | Evert/Eversion
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| Inward turning of foot at the ankle. A medial inversion = VARUS STRESS | Invert/Inversion
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| Palm faces down | Pronate/Pronation
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| Palm faces up | Supinate/Supination
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| To turn a body part on its axis | Rotation
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| Rotation toward midline of body | Medial/Internal Rotation
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| Rotation away from midline | Lateral/External Rotation
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| Turning away from the regular course | Deviate/Deviation
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| On one side | Unilateral
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| On both sides | Bilateral
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| Describes path of x-ray beam from where it enters patient to where it exits | Projection
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| X-ray beam enters the front; exits back of patient | AP(Antero-Posterior) Projection
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| X-ray beam enters back of patient; exits front | PA(Postero-Anterior) Projection
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| Perpendicular beam enters one side of body/body part; exits opposite side. Cr is parallel to coronal plane and perpendicular to sagittal plane | Lateral Projection
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| CR entering medial side of an extremity and exiting lateral side of that extremity | Mediolateral
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| CR entering later side of an extremity and exiting medial side of that extremity | Lateromedial
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| Path of beam with an angle of 10 degrees or more | Axial Projection
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