Chapter 51 Surgical Assisting Procedures
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| absorbable sutures | material that is broken down within the body over a period of time and is absorbed by the body
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| Adson Brown tissue forceps | instrument with several small delicate teeth that are used for light handling of delicate tissue
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| Allis tissue forceps | intestinal forceps that lock in place to hold and grasp tissue and when locked have an opening that is wide to allow thicker tissues to be clamped
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| anesthesia chamber | a glass or plastic quare or rectangular box that is clear and has two openings in which the inhalation and exhalation tubes on the anesthesia machine connect to the chamber
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| anesthesia log | book that details that patient's status through induction, maintenance, and recovery stages during an anesthesia procedures
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| anesthesia mask | cone like device used in large patients, placed over the muzzle and face area and must fit snuggly for the animal to breath in the gases for induction
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| asepsis | the process of a clean, sanitary and sterile environment
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| aseptic technique | the process of obtaining a sterile and organism free environment
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| autoclave | most common method of surgical sterilization of packs and equipment by using a large box like area to heat the items
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| Babcock tissue forceps | intestinal forceps that are less traumatic and have broad, flared ends and smooth tips
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| Bain system | uses a single corrugated or plastic tube that connects to the patient and another hose through the center of the tube that contains the gas mixture that the patient inhales
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| blink reflex | evaluation of the eye to determine which plane of anesthesia a patient is in
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| blood pressure monitor | device used to assess the pumping action of the heart
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| canister | area that absorbs cardon dioxide and contains granules to absorb it
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| Carmalt hemostats | much heavier and used to hold off the ovarian stump during a spay surgery with interlocking serrations located lengthwise
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| closed gloving | process done when the gown is placed with the hands still within the sleeves so that no skin is visible and potentially contaminating the gloves
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| corrugated tubing | plastic and thin hose and allows the oxygen and anesthesia gas to flow to the patient by connecting from the machine to the endotracheal tube
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| Crile hemostats | similar in size and shape to Kelly forceps except they are fully serrated with serrations located within the interlocking jaws and vertically along the blades
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| cuff | located about 3/4 of the way down the endotracheal tube that is inflatable and allows the tube to be inflated with air to create a tight seal around the trachea to prevent any moisture or material from entering the lung field
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| cylinder | metal containers that hold compressed forms or liquid to keep patients oxygenated and breathing during anesthesia
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| distilled water | sterile water that is placed in the water reservoir to the fill line
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| Doyen Intestinal forceps | clamps that are noncrushing intestinal forceps that have serrations lengthwise and hold intestinal vessels and tissues for short time periods without causing any damage
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| dressing forceps | instrument used to grasp and hold tissue but have no teeth, but rather a smooth surface
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| electrocardiogram | monitor placed onto a patient through metal leads called electrodes that measure the electrical activity of the heart
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| electrode | metal leads that connect a patient to the EKG unit
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| endotracheal tube | a flexible tube that should fit snuggly in the trachea
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| extubation | the process of the endotracheal tube removal from the patient
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| fast | to not give food or water or anything by mouth prior to surgery
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| flow meter | located on the machine near the vaporizer and is adjusted for the proper rate of oxygen flow to the patient
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| Gelpi retractor | self retracting instrument with single points on the end that are sharp
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| glove pack | a prepackaged disposable sterile glove pack that is used one time and then thrown away
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| gown pack | holds the sterile gown that is worn by the surgeon and veterinary staff assisting in the surgical area
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| hemostatic forceps | hinged locking instruments that are designed to clamp and hold off blood vessels, also called hemostats
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| Holman retractor | levers that are glat with a pointed appearance that look simliar to arrows with holes in the handle and are commonly used during orthopedic procedures
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| induction phase | the time when the patient is being given anesthesia to make them sleep and remain unconscious and free from sensation during the surgery
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| instrument milk | solution that acts as a lubricant to keep the instruments protected from corrosion
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| intubation | the process of placing a tube into the trachea to establish an airway and allow the patient to continue to inhale gases that keep them under general anesthesia as long as necessary
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| isotonic crystalloid | fluids given to an animal that is dehydrated and create a balance of elements within the body
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| Kelly hemostats | larger in size and are partially serrated to better hold and grasp blood vessels
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| laparotomy towel | sterile towel used to control bleeding during surgery and as a hand towel for the surgeon
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| laryngoscope | a tool make of heavy metal that has a light source on the end to help light the airway
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| Mayo scissors | instrument used to cut heavy tissues and sutures that are proportionate in size and when lying on a flat surface curve upwards without contact at the end of the blades
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| Mayo stand | the instrument tray that is elevated to hold the surgeons surgical instruments and supplies
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| Metzenbaum scissors | instrument delicate and thinner in size and have long handles in relationship to the blade length and are used to cut and separate delicate tissues
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| mosquito hemostats | small in size with a fine tip that is use to hold delicate blood vessels
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| needle holder | instrument used to hold a needle while placing sutures into a patient during surgery
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| nonabsorbable suture | material not broken down within the body and remains intact for long periods
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| nonrebreathing system | system used for very small patients such as rodents, birds, and reptiles, or small puppies and kittens that are too small to move the breathing bag with their respirations
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| open gloving | process done by removing the left glove using the right hand by grasping it and the edge of the cuff
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| oxygen tank | located under the machine or in separate cylinders next to the machine
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| palpebral reflex | evaluated by tapping the fingertip lightly over the surface of the eyelid
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| pedal reflex | used on the digit or the skin between the digit, which is pinched to determine reflex response
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| plane | determines how awake or asleep a patient is under anesthesia
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| pop off valve | used to release excess amounts of gas when the pressure becomes too high within the machine system
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| pressure valve | indicates how much oxygen is left in the tank
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| pulse oximeter | a device used to measure a patient's vital signs by indirectly measuring the oxygen saturation within the blood and any changes in blood volume
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| rat tooth forceps | instrument with large teeth, similar to a rats, that hold large thick tissues and skin
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| rebreathing system | bag that connects to the machine and inflates and deflates as the patient breaths and allows the patient to rebreath anesthetic gas after is has passed through the CO2 absorbing canister
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| retractor | handheld of self retracting and are used during surgeries to hold open an animal's body cavity for exploration
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| scavenger hose | tube attached to the pop off valve to prevent gas from leaking into the room and pushes gas outside of the facility to escape within the outside air
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| scrub pack | sterile supply that contains the necessary items to properly prepare the surgeon, technician, or assistant for surgery for washing hands
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| Senn retractor | retractor blades located at each end that look like giners on the end of a hand, may be blunt or sharp in shape
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| soda lime | granules within the canister that absorb CO2
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| spay hook | instrument used to locate the uterus and uterine horns in small female animals that has a long, thin, metal device with a hook on the end
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| sphygmanometer | device used to measure an animal's blood pressure during surgery, will also help determine tissue perfusion as well as depth of anesthesia
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| sponge forceps | straight or curved and used to hold gauze sponges or other absorbent materials to clear away bleeding and other debris
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| staple remover | device placed under the staple and squeezed to open up the staple, which is then gently removed from the site
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| surgery pack | sterile instrument prepared for surgical procedures with tools and supplies required for the procedure
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| surgical glue | sterile substance used for closure of small wounds or surgical sites and is commonly used in feline declaws
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| surgical log | a record of details recording all surgeries performed in the facility
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| surgical margin | area of the patient that should extend 2 to 3 inches beyond the anticipated surgical incision borders
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| surgical scrub | process that begins with sterile solutions placed on the surgical margin to clean the patient
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| surgical staples | fast and easy way of using a device that closes the skin with metal pieces
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| suture reel | container of suture material that must be cut and thread into a needle
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| suture removal | removal of sutures with 7-10 days after surgery
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| suture removal scissors | scissors that have one blade that has a small hook shape on the end to better get under the suture to remove
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| swallow reflex | the patient licking with the tongue or having increased jaw tone during extubation of the endotracheal tube
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| swedged on needle | suture material that has a needle already attached
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| tidal volume | amount of oxygen required by the patient
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| tissue forceps | instrument used to grasp tissue and have teeth that grip the tissue
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| towel clamp | instrument used to hold the surgical drape in place over the patient during the surgery
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| ultrasonic cleaner | instruments are placed within a wire basket and the basket is seated within the cleaner, which holds a disinfectant solution and created vibrations to clean the items
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| Weitlaner retractor | self retracting instrument with rake like teeth on the ratchet ends and can by blunt or sharp
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| vaporizer | converts the liquid anesthesia into a gaseous form, which the patient inhales
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| Y connector | plastic device that connects the intake and outtake hose from the anesthesia machine to the endotracheal tube of the patient
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