20's and Great Depression
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| Clarence Darrow 1925 | Leading criminal lawyer who was the defense attorney in the Scopes Trial (teaching evolution). Darrow lost the case but the debate continues into the 21st century
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| William Jennings Bryan 1925 | Populist candidate for President 3 times and a former Secretary of State, was a lawyer for the prosecution in the Scopes Trial (evolution) and supported the views of fundamentalists that no teaching of evolution should occur in schools
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| Henry Ford | Leading industrialist & manufacturer of one of the first automobiles. His innovation of the assembly-line production and the inexpensive Model A and Model T Ford revolutionized transportation and industry in the US
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| Charles Lindbergh | Aviation pioneer, the first pilot to fly solo, non-stop across the Atlantic from the US to France in 1927. His plane was called The Spirit of St. Louis
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| Franklin Delano Roosevelt | Democratic President from 1932-1945, elected at the height of the Great Depression who promised a "New Deal" to American people. Led the gov't in providing programs that helped economic recovery and let the US during WWII. He died suddenly in April 1954
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| Red Scare | A period of anticommunist sentiment and hysteria that swept the US in the 1920's. A reaction to the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 & communist ideas spreading through Europe. The Red Scare and xenophobia fueled the famous Sacco and Vanzetti case.
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| Immigration | Was severely limited in the 1920's, particularly to immigrants from Asia, Southern and Eastern Europe, and Africa by the Immigration Acts of 1924 & 1925. Limits were the result of a general distrust of "foreigners" and a sense of growing isolationism
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| Prohibition | The 18th Amendment made the manufacture & sale of alcohol illegal. This attempt to regulate social norms was largely a failure and resulted in widespread abuse: smuggling, moonshiners, speakeasies (private clubs), mafia. Repealed by 21st Amendment.
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| Stock Market Crash 1929 | Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929 the New York Stock Exchange collapsed as stock prices fell drastically. Collapse was followed by severe banking crisis & failure of many banks/businesses. Rate of unemployment increased as people quit buying products.
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| New Deal | FDR's program for helping the US to recover from the Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression. Program consisted of many seporate programs to provide jobs, regulation on banks, and other gov't regulatory agencies
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| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 1933 | New Deal agency created to insure bank savings deposits. This program still exists today to protect consumers and savers (FDIC).
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| Social Security Act 1935 | New Deal legislation that provides retirement pensions, unemployment insurance, and payments to those disabled workers or the widows and children of male workers who have died. Cornerstone of our national retirement system
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