study guide for rocks and minerals test
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| "Meta" means ______ "Morphosis" means ____ | change, form
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| Metamorphic rock is created when | sedimentary or igneous rock is put through extreme heat and pressure.
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| 2 types of metamorphic rocks: | Foliated(grains are in parallel layers or bands) and non-foliated (grains are arranged randomly)
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| Examples of foliated metamorphic rock are | slate schist gneiss
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| Example of non-foliated metamorphic rock is | quartzite
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| uses of metamorphic rock are | chalkboards,building materials, sculptures/statues, countertops, tile
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| The heat that changes rock into metamorphic rock comes from | rock being close to the mantle
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| The cooling of magma or lava forms | igneous rocks
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| Sedimentary rocks take millions of years to create. Sedimentary rocks are formed through the process of the | erosion of sediment, the deposition of sediment,compaction and cementation.
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| Obsidian is a type of igneous rock that is fast cooling and cools on the surface. It is an _________ rock. | Extrusive
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| Granite is a type of rock that is slow cooling and cools in the ground. It is an _________ rock. | Intrusive
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| Small, solid pieces of materials that come from rocks or living things | sediment
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| The process in which sediment settles together | compaction
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| The process when sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it | deposition
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| Where rock breaks down and is carried away by water, wind, or ice | erosion
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| the process where dissolved minerals crystallize and harden | cementation
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| Clastic Organic and Chemical are | 3 types of sedimentary rocks
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| this type of sedimentary rock forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystallize.Example is rock salt- made of halite, which forms by evaporation. | Chemical
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| This type of sedimentary rock forms where the plants and animals are deposited in thick layers. Example is limestone. | Organic
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| This type of sedimentary rock forms when rock fragments are squeezed together. Examples are shale and sandstone. | Clastic
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| The name igneous comes from the Latin word meaning | fire
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| Rocks are made up of | minerals
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| Difference between a rock and a mineral? | mineral is a naturally occuring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a deffinite chemical composition.
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| Some minerals are made of ____ _______ (for example: gold) while othes are made of a combination of ___ or more. | 1. one element. 2. two
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| Quartz is made up of | silicon and argon
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| Quartz is | the most common mineral
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| Just like minerals, rocks can be classified by their | observable features.
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| Their are ____ ways | three
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| Color | not the best way, doesn't provide enough info.
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| Mineral composition | being able to identify what minerals are in the rock sampple, scientists call these minerals rock-forming minerals
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| Texture | the look and feel of the rock's surace
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| 3 ways to describe texture: | size, shape, and pattern
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| Using color, mineral composition, and texture we can divide rocks into three categories | Igneous, Sedimentary,and Metamorphic
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| Igneous rock is | a durable building material
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| Examples of things built with igneous rock include: | granite statues, fortresses, building bridges, and paving streets.
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| Sedimentary rock is used for | building materials and tools
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| Examples of uses of sedimentary rock: | arrowheads made of flint, white house made of sandstone, limestone used in making cement and steel
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| grains | the particles of minerals that give a rock its texture
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