FlashCards-FinalExam
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| What are the characteristics and needs of a living thing? | Characteristics Of Life: Cellular Organization, Chemicals of Life, Energy Use, Response to Surroundings, Growth and Development, and Reproduction.
Needs: Water, Food, Living Space, Stable Internal Conditions.
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| How do you write a scientific name? | When typed, it needs to be italicized and the first word capitalized, and the second word not. When written, first word capitalized, and second word not.
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| What is Taxonomy | The scientific study of how living things are classified.
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| What are the levels of the classification system? | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
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| What is the difference between a stimulus and a response? | A stimulus is a change in an organism's surroundings and a response is an action or change in behavior.
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| What is the difference between growth and development? | Growth is becoming larger and development is becoming more complex.
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| What is the difference between a heterotroph and an autotroph? | A heterotroph does not make its own food and they eat other organisms. An autotroph makes its own food.
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| What domains contains only prokaryotes? | Bacteria and Archaea.
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| Cytoplasm | The material within a cell apart from the nucleus.
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| What structures do the amoeba, paramecium, and euglena use to move? | Flagellum-Euglena
Cilia-Paramecium
Pseudopods-Amoeba
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| What are the parts of the seed? | Seed coat, embryo, cotyledon.
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| What are the female parts of a flower? | Pistils which consist of sticky stigma, a slender tube called the style and hollow structure called the ovary at the base.
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| What are the male parts of a flower? | Steman-Anther+Filament
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| What are the characteristics of angiosperms? | Produces flowers and produces seed that are enclosed in fruit.
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| What do fungi have in common with animals? | Heterotroph and eukaryotes.
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| What is the function of the hyphae in fungi? | Breaks down food.
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| What is the chemical that is inside the chloroplast? | chlorophyll.
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| What are the products of photosynthesis? | sugar and oxygen.
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| What are the reactants of photosynthesis? | Carbon Dioxide and water.
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| What structure in a cell is a storage area for water, food, and waste products? | vacuole.
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| What is cellular respiration? | Cell breaks its own simple food molecule such as glucose to release the energy they contain.
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| What structure on the leaf allows oxygen and water vapor out and carbon dioxide in? | Stomata.
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| Why is the cuticle important to the plant? | It protects the leaf from water loss.
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| What structure in plant allows movement of material? | Vascular tissue such as xylem and phloem.
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| What is the function of the mitochondria? | They convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions.
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| What is the function of the chloroplast? | Captures energy from sunlight and uses it to make for the plant cell.
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| What are the two stages of respiration? | The first stage is when molecules of glucose are broken down into smaller molecules and the second stage is when the small molecules are broken down into even smaller molecules.
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| What structure releases the most amount of energy during respiration? | Mitochondria.
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| What is the Cell Theory? | All cells come from other cells, all living things are made of cells and cells are the basic unit of structure and function.
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| What are exmaples of active transport? | Transporting by engulfing.
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| What is the difference between active tranport and passive transport? | Active transport requires energy for the molecules to go in and out of the membrane. Passive transport is when molecules are dissolved through a membrane without using energy.
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| What are example of passive transport? | Diffusion and Osmosis.
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| How does mitosis differ from meiosis? | Mitosis i cell reproduction, and meiosis is process in cell division.
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| Why does the sex cell have only half of the amount of chromosomes as the body cells? | It only has half because half goes to the parent. (they are distributed to different cells)
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| What is cross-pollination? | Pollen is taken off one plant and brushed onto another flower on another plant.
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| What is self-pollination? | Pollen from a flower that lands on the pitil of that same flower.
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| How do the nitrogen bases pairs join in DNA? | The order of the nitrogen bases along the gene forms a genetic code that specifies what type of protein with be produced.
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| How do you complete a punnet square? Give an example. | Show all possible allele combinations in the offspring.
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| What is the difference between a gene, chromosome, and DNA? | A gene is a set of information that controls a trait, a chromosome is apart of chromatin, and DNA carries the information to the offspring.
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| What is the shape of DNA? | Like a ladder. (it is called a double helix)
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| What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype? | An organism's phenotype is a physical appearance and an organism's genotype is its genetic make up, or allele combination.
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| What is a carrier? | A carrier is a person who has one recessive allele for a trait but does not have the trait.
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| What is the difference between a hybrid and a purebred? | A purebred is the offspring of many generations and a hybrid has two different alleles for a trait.
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| What is the genotype for a male? | SS or the dominant.
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| What i the genotype for a female? | Ss or the recessive.
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| What is a ex-linked trait? | Genes on the X and Y chromosomes.
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| Mitochondria | Rod shaped cell structures that convert energy in food to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions.
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