Chemistry Chapter 4 Review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Ion | An electrially charged atom or groups of atoms.
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| Cation | A positively charged ion.
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| Anion | A negatively charged ion.
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| Ionization Energy | The energy required to remove one electron from a single atom in the gaseous state.
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| Electron Affinity | The energy released on adding an electron to a single atom in the gaseous state.
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| Ionic Bond | The electrical attraction between ions of the oppostie charge in a crystal.
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| Ionic Solid | A crystalline solid held together by ionic bonds.
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| Ionic Compund | A compund that contains ionic bonds: two or more ions into a compound.
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| Octet Rule | Main group elements tend to undergo reactions that leave them with 8 valence electrons
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| Electron-Dot Symbols | An atomic symbol with dots placed around it to indicate the number of valence electrons.
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| Polyatomic Ion | An ion that is composed of more then one atom.
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| Formula Unit | The formula that identifies the smallest neutral unit of an ionic compound.
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| Atoms are electrically neutral because: | they contain equal amounts of protons and electrons.
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| Low charge what type of ion: | Cation
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| High charge is what type of ion | Anion
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| When it comes to electron affinity the noble gases are always what type of charge | Zero
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| High electron affinity = what type of ion | Anion
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| Low electron affinity = what type of ion | Cation
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| What group in the periodic table is most likely to give up/lose and e- | Alkali Metals
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| What group in the periodic table is most likely to gain an e- | Halogens
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| What group on the periodic table do nothing | Noble Gases
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| Ions = | ELECTRICITY
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| Ionic compounds can only dissolve in water if: | it can overcome the forces that are holding it together.
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| Ionic compounds are/are not malluable? | ARE NOT
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| tell the charges of groups 1,2,3,5,6, and 7 on the periodic table. | (group 1: +1)(group 2: +2)(group 3:+3)(group 5:-3)(group 6:-2)(group 7: -1)
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| NAMING IONS>>>> READY? | YES
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| for cations in groups 1,2, and 3 how are they named? | they are named by identifying the metal first and then following it with the word "ion"
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| What would the name be for this example? (K+) | Potassium Ion
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| Rules for transition metals in the OLD system: | the smaller charge ends in -ous; larger charge ends in -ic
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| Example of a transistion metal in the OLD: (Cr2+) and (Cr3+) | Cromious Ion; Cromic Ion
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| Rules for transition metals in the NEW system: | contain roman numerals; avoids the use of latin
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| Example of a transition metal in the NEW: (Cr2+)(Cr3+) | Chromium(II) Ion; Chromium (III) Ion
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| Anions are made by replacing what ending at the end of an element | -ide followed by the word ion.
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| Example of Anion naming: (Flourine) | Flouride Ion
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| COMMON NAMES OF ANIONS:<<READY | YES
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| Bromine | Br-; Bromide Ion
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| Chlorine | Cl-; Chloride Ion
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| Flourine | F-; Flouride Ion
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| Iodine | I-; Iodide Ion
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| Oxygen | O(2-); Oxide Ion
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| Sulfur | S(2-); Sulfide Ion
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| SOME COMMON POLYATOMIC IONS<<< KNOW THEM<< READY? | YES
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| Hydronium Ion | H(3)O(+)
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| Ammonium Ion | NH(4)(+)
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| Acetate Ion | CH(3)CO(2)(-)
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| Carbonate Ion | CO(3)(2-)
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| Hydrogen Carbonate | HCO(3)(-)
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| Dichromate Ion | Cr(2)O(7)(2-)
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| Cyanide Ion | CN(-)
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| Hydroxide Ion | OH(-)
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| Hypochlorite Ion | OCl(-)
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| Nitrate Ion | NO(3)(-)
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| Nirtite Ion | NO(2)(-)
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| Permanganate Ion | MnO(4)(-)
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| Phosphate Ion | PO(4)(3-)
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| Hydrogen Phosphate Ion | HPO(4)(2-)
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| Dihydrogen Phosphate Ion | H(2)PO(4)(-)
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| Sulfate Ion | SO(4)(2-)
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| Hydrogen Sulfate Ion | HSO(4)(-)
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| Sulfite Ion | SO(3)(2-)
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